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Forensic Pathology > Lesson 5 Circulatory Disturbances > Flashcards

Lesson 5 Circulatory Disturbances Flashcards

1
Q

localized/generalized

A

edema, hyperemia, ishcemia, thrombosis, ebmolism, hemorrhage,

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2
Q

dropsy; condition where there is excess tissue fluid present in the body; interstitial fluid

A

edema

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3
Q

bathes and surrounds cells

A

interstitial fluid

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4
Q

causes of edema

A

increased permeablilty of capillaries, increased capillary pressure due to venous obstruction/heart failure, inflammitory condition, fluid/electrolyte problems

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5
Q

generalized edema, excess fluid scattered throughout the entire body

A

anasarca

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6
Q

excess tissue fluid in abdominal cavity/peritoneal cavity

A

ascites

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7
Q

excess fluid in thoracic cavity/pleural cavity; could accompany pneumonia

A

hydrothorax

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8
Q

excess fluid in sac surrounding heart; chest xray shows enlarged heart

A

hydropericardium

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9
Q

edema of sacculated cavity; scrotum

A

hydrocele

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10
Q

excess fluid in cranial cavity; water on the brain

A

hydrocephalus

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11
Q

congestion; excess blood shipped to body part/organ. first stage of inflammatory response

A

hyperemia

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12
Q

excess blood shipped to a body part/organ due to increased functional demand; ex: blushing

A

physiological hyperemia

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13
Q

excess blood in a body part/organ due to disease; ex: cyanosis

A

pathological hyperemia

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14
Q

excess blood in a body part/organ brought by arteries; due to demand such as blushing/disease-inflammation

A

active hyperemia

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15
Q

excess blood in a body part/organ due to venous obstruction due to disease; ex: deep vein thrombosis

A

passive hyperemia

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16
Q

reduction in arterial blood supply to a body part/organ

A

ischemia

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17
Q

fatty plaques starting to form in the arteries; more advanced state in disease which vessel sclerotic

A

ischemia causes

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18
Q

could lead to dead tissue

A

ischemia effects

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19
Q

process with presence of an attached blood clot/thrombis during life

A

thrombosis

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20
Q

injuries to blood vessels, slower rate of blood flow due to blockages in vessels, alterations in blood composition, blood diseases

A

causes of thrombosis

21
Q

location of thrombi

A

arteries, veins-most common site, chambers in heart

22
Q

can fragment off and be shipped to other parts of body

A

changes of thromi

23
Q

consequences of thrombosis

A

ischemia- thrombis in an artery; passsive hyperemia- mast common, excess blood in body part/organ due to excess blood in a vein due to thrombosis; gangrene- clot in artery dies; infarction- attached blood clot to an artery, dead tissue due to interference with blood supply

24
Q

process by which there is a free floating object in blood stream present during life

A

embolism

25
Q

types of embolisms

A

fragments of thrombi-most common; bacteria- not natural to be in blood stream; tumors; animal parasites; fat cells; gas; foreign bodies

26
Q

consequences of embolisms

A

ischemia- shipped throughout artery; infarction- further consequence of ischemia in artery; spread of infection/neoplasm; necrosis

27
Q

localized area of dead tissue

A

necrosis

28
Q

bleeding; loss of blood from vascular system

A

hemorrhage

29
Q

loss of blood due to rupture of a blood vessel/heart

A

rhexis

30
Q

loss of blood by squeezing through the pores of capillaries

A

hemorrhage per diapedesis

31
Q

pin point hemorrhages; smallest of hemorrhages in terms of size throughout the body

A

petechia

32
Q

medium sized hemorrhage; bruise; ex: black eye

A

ecchymosis

33
Q

largest of hemorrhages; tumor like mass of loss blood

A

hematoma

34
Q

nose bleed

A

epistaxis

35
Q

blood in sputum

A

hemoptysis

36
Q

vomiting of blood

A

hematemisis

37
Q

blood in stool; cult blood lost from intestional tract

A

melena

38
Q

blood in thoracic cavity

A

hemothorax

39
Q

blood in peritoneum/abdominal cavity

A

hemoperitoneum

40
Q

blood in urine; problem with kidneys

A

hematuria

41
Q

blood within sac surrounding heart

A

hemopericardium

42
Q

loss of blood to the point life cant be sustained; bleeding out

A

exsanguination

43
Q

infinity for blood; bleeders disease

A

hemophilia

44
Q

causes of hemorrhages

A

trauma, vascular disease, hypertenstion, blood diseases

45
Q

post mortem conditions

A

diminished circulation, absecesses, hemorrhages, emaciation/dehydration, rapid decomp, discolorations

46
Q

due to infarction and ischemia

A

diminished circulation

47
Q

rate of force would cause pieces to come off clot

A

abscesses

48
Q

can be intravascular and extravascular

A

discolorations

Forensic Pathology (6 decks)

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