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MICRO PARA CHAPTER 2 > Lesson 6: Helminths > Flashcards

Lesson 6: Helminths Flashcards

1
Q

Multicellular eukaryotic animals that generally possess digestive, circulatory, nervous, excretory, and reproductive systems.

A

Helminths

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2
Q

Kind of helminths that are highly specialized to live inside their host

A

Parasitic helminths

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3
Q

Characteristics of a parasitic helminths

A
  1. Lack digestive system
  2. Nervous system is reduced
  3. Means of locomotion is occasionally reduced or completely lacking
  4. Reproductive system is often complex
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4
Q

In the life cycle of a paraditic helminth, what kind of host is where eggs grows into a larva (developmental; asexual)

A

Intermediate host

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5
Q

In the life cycle of a parasitic helminth, what kind of host is where the adult form is transferred to.

A

Definitive host

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6
Q

Adult helminths that have male reproductive organs are in one individual, and a female reproductive organs are in another

A

Dioecious

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7
Q

Adult helminths that has both male and female reproductive organs

A

Monoecious and hermaphroditic

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8
Q

Give the process after a hermaphroditic adult fluke releases eggs into human lung an the eggs reach water after being excreted in feces

A
  1. Miracidium develops in egg and hatches from egg
  2. Miracidium seeks an intermediate host
  3. Miracidium develops into a Cercaria
  4. Cercaria goes to the secondary intermediate host (crayfish)
  5. In the crayfish, a Cercaria encysts to produce metacercaria
  6. Crayfish is eaten by hunan, and metacercaria develops into adult fluke
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9
Q

Platyhelminths are members of the phylum ________, the ______, are _________ flattened

A

Platyhelminthes
Flatworms
Dorsoventrally

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10
Q

2 classes of parasitic flatworms

A

Trematodes and Cestodes

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11
Q

Trematodes, or ______, are parasitic in all classes of vertebrates

A

Flukes

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12
Q

A parasitic flatworm that is leaflike or cylindrical in shape

A

Trematodes

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13
Q

What are the body of adult trematodes covered with

A

Syncytial tegument without cilia

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14
Q

Trematodes usually have ____ and _______ suckers that hilds organism in place, no hooks

A

Oral and ventral

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15
Q

How do trematodes absorb food; it is a nonliving outer cover

A

Cuticle

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16
Q

Trematodes are usually ____oeicous

A

Monoecious

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17
Q

Is the development of a trematode direct or indirect

A

Indirect

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18
Q

What does it mean when the development of an organism is indirect

A

They change in morphology and appearance in every host they are in

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19
Q

Where is the mouth of a trematode located

A

Center of oral suckers

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20
Q

Asian liver fluke

A

Clonorchis sinensis

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21
Q

True or false:
Flukes are given common names according to the tissue of the intermediate host in which adults live?

A

False; flukes are given common names according to the tissue of the DEFINITIVE HOST in which adults live

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22
Q

Scientific name of blood flukes

A

Schistosoma spp.

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23
Q

Scientific name for lung flukes

A

Paragonimus spp.

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24
Q

Scientific name for intestinal fluke

A

Fasciolopsis buski

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25
Sheep liver fluke
Fasciola hepatica
26
Cestodes, or _______, parasitic in ______ tract in sll classes of vertebrates
Tapeworms Digestive
27
Class of platyhelminths that have a general form of body tapelike
Cestodes
28
Cestodes have a _____ or _____ with ______ or _____ for attachment to the intestinal mucosa of the definitive host
Head or scolex Suckers or hooks
29
Where do cestodes attached to in their definitive host
Intestinal mucosa
30
Segments or series of cestodes
Proglottids
31
Where are proglottids continually produced
Neck region
32
The farther the proglottids, the more ______ (pregnant) it is
Gravid
33
The closer the proglottids are to the neck the _____ it is
Immature
34
Cestodes have no _______ organs; do not ______ the tissues of their host; to obtain nutrients from small intestine, they ______ food through the ______
Digestive Ingest Absorb Cuticle
35
What is the development of a cestode?
Indirect
36
Scientific name of beef tapeworm
Taenia saginata
37
Scientific name for pork tapeworm
Taenia solium
38
Scientific name for fish tapeworm
Diphyllobotbrium latum
39
Scientific name for dog tapeworm
Dipylidium caninum
40
Scientific name for dwarf tapeworm
Hymenolepis nana
41
Scientific name for unilocular hydatid
Echinococcus granulosus
42
Scientific name for multilocular hydatid
Echinococcus multilocularis
43
Nematodes are member of the phylum ______, the _______, are cylindrical and tapered at each end
Nematoda Roundworms
44
A female nematode thatvhas two ovaries and uteri, which open to the outside by common genital pore
Ascaris
45
A parasitic helminth that has a symmetry bilateral; unsegmented
Nematodes
46
A nematode has a body ______; body wall a ______ or cellular _______ with _______ _________, somtimes ______(changes and gains size); muscular layers mostly of __________ fibers; ______ is absent in several phyla
Vermiform Syncytial Epidermis Thickened cuticle Molted Longitudinal Cilia
47
Body cavity of a nematode
Pseudocoel
48
Arrangement of digestive system of. Nematode
Tube-within-a-tube arrangement
49
What organ system is complete in a nematode
Digestive system
50
What organ systems are lacking in a nematode
Circulatory and respiratory
51
True or false: Male reproductive system is usually smaller than females in nematodes
True
52
A structure of a nematode that guid sperm to the female's genital pore
Copulatory spicules
53
What do the shell of the eggs of nematodes contain
Chitin
54
Serves as the brain of a nematode
Cerebral ganglia
55
Nerve ring of a nematode
Circumenteric nerve ring
56
Nervous system of cerebral ganglia or of circumenteric nerve ring connect to ______ and ______ nerves
Anterior and posterior
57
Chemosensory organs of a nematode
Amphids
58
Where are amphids located in a nematode
Lips
59
A parasitic helminth that is free-living and parasitic forms
Nematodes
60
Development of a nematode
Direct
61
2 categories of a nematode infection
Egg is infective Larva is infective
62
Scientific name of hookworms
Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus
63
Scientific nsme of pinworms
Enterobius vermicularis
64
Scientific name for intestinal roundworms
Ascaris lumbricoides
65
Also known as spaghetti worms
Intestinal roundworms or ascaris lumbricoides
66
Scientific name for Trichina worms
Trichinella spiralis
67
Scientific name for whipworm
Trichuris trichiura

MICRO PARA CHAPTER 2 (8 decks)

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