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MICRO PARA CHAPTER 2 > Lesson 6: Helminths > Flashcards

Lesson 6: Helminths Flashcards

1
Q

Multicellular eukaryotic animals that generally possess digestive, circulatory, nervous, excretory, and reproductive systems.

A

Helminths

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2
Q

Kind of helminths that are highly specialized to live inside their host

A

Parasitic helminths

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3
Q

Characteristics of a parasitic helminths

A
  1. Lack digestive system
  2. Nervous system is reduced
  3. Means of locomotion is occasionally reduced or completely lacking
  4. Reproductive system is often complex
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4
Q

In the life cycle of a paraditic helminth, what kind of host is where eggs grows into a larva (developmental; asexual)

A

Intermediate host

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5
Q

In the life cycle of a parasitic helminth, what kind of host is where the adult form is transferred to.

A

Definitive host

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6
Q

Adult helminths that have male reproductive organs are in one individual, and a female reproductive organs are in another

A

Dioecious

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7
Q

Adult helminths that has both male and female reproductive organs

A

Monoecious and hermaphroditic

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8
Q

Give the process after a hermaphroditic adult fluke releases eggs into human lung an the eggs reach water after being excreted in feces

A
  1. Miracidium develops in egg and hatches from egg
  2. Miracidium seeks an intermediate host
  3. Miracidium develops into a Cercaria
  4. Cercaria goes to the secondary intermediate host (crayfish)
  5. In the crayfish, a Cercaria encysts to produce metacercaria
  6. Crayfish is eaten by hunan, and metacercaria develops into adult fluke
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9
Q

Platyhelminths are members of the phylum ________, the ______, are _________ flattened

A

Platyhelminthes
Flatworms
Dorsoventrally

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10
Q

2 classes of parasitic flatworms

A

Trematodes and Cestodes

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11
Q

Trematodes, or ______, are parasitic in all classes of vertebrates

A

Flukes

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12
Q

A parasitic flatworm that is leaflike or cylindrical in shape

A

Trematodes

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13
Q

What are the body of adult trematodes covered with

A

Syncytial tegument without cilia

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14
Q

Trematodes usually have ____ and _______ suckers that hilds organism in place, no hooks

A

Oral and ventral

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15
Q

How do trematodes absorb food; it is a nonliving outer cover

A

Cuticle

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16
Q

Trematodes are usually ____oeicous

A

Monoecious

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17
Q

Is the development of a trematode direct or indirect

A

Indirect

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18
Q

What does it mean when the development of an organism is indirect

A

They change in morphology and appearance in every host they are in

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19
Q

Where is the mouth of a trematode located

A

Center of oral suckers

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20
Q

Asian liver fluke

A

Clonorchis sinensis

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21
Q

True or false:
Flukes are given common names according to the tissue of the intermediate host in which adults live?

A

False; flukes are given common names according to the tissue of the DEFINITIVE HOST in which adults live

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22
Q

Scientific name of blood flukes

A

Schistosoma spp.

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23
Q

Scientific name for lung flukes

A

Paragonimus spp.

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24
Q

Scientific name for intestinal fluke

A

Fasciolopsis buski

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25
Q

Sheep liver fluke

A

Fasciola hepatica

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26
Q

Cestodes, or _______, parasitic in ______ tract in sll classes of vertebrates

A

Tapeworms
Digestive

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27
Q

Class of platyhelminths that have a general form of body tapelike

A

Cestodes

28
Q

Cestodes have a _____ or _____ with ______ or _____ for attachment to the intestinal mucosa of the definitive host

A

Head or scolex
Suckers or hooks

29
Q

Where do cestodes attached to in their definitive host

A

Intestinal mucosa

30
Q

Segments or series of cestodes

A

Proglottids

31
Q

Where are proglottids continually produced

A

Neck region

32
Q

The farther the proglottids, the more ______ (pregnant) it is

A

Gravid

33
Q

The closer the proglottids are to the neck the _____ it is

A

Immature

34
Q

Cestodes have no _______ organs; do not ______ the tissues of their host; to obtain nutrients from small intestine, they ______ food through the ______

A

Digestive
Ingest
Absorb
Cuticle

35
Q

What is the development of a cestode?

A

Indirect

36
Q

Scientific name of beef tapeworm

A

Taenia saginata

37
Q

Scientific name for pork tapeworm

A

Taenia solium

38
Q

Scientific name for fish tapeworm

A

Diphyllobotbrium latum

39
Q

Scientific name for dog tapeworm

A

Dipylidium caninum

40
Q

Scientific name for dwarf tapeworm

A

Hymenolepis nana

41
Q

Scientific name for unilocular hydatid

A

Echinococcus granulosus

42
Q

Scientific name for multilocular hydatid

A

Echinococcus multilocularis

43
Q

Nematodes are member of the phylum ______, the _______, are cylindrical and tapered at each end

A

Nematoda
Roundworms

44
Q

A female nematode thatvhas two ovaries and uteri, which open to the outside by common genital pore

A

Ascaris

45
Q

A parasitic helminth that has a symmetry bilateral; unsegmented

A

Nematodes

46
Q

A nematode has a body ______; body wall a ______ or cellular _______ with _______ _________, somtimes ______(changes and gains size); muscular layers mostly of __________ fibers; ______ is absent in several phyla

A

Vermiform
Syncytial
Epidermis
Thickened cuticle
Molted
Longitudinal
Cilia

47
Q

Body cavity of a nematode

A

Pseudocoel

48
Q

Arrangement of digestive system of. Nematode

A

Tube-within-a-tube arrangement

49
Q

What organ system is complete in a nematode

A

Digestive system

50
Q

What organ systems are lacking in a nematode

A

Circulatory and respiratory

51
Q

True or false:
Male reproductive system is usually smaller than females in nematodes

A

True

52
Q

A structure of a nematode that guid sperm to the female’s genital pore

A

Copulatory spicules

53
Q

What do the shell of the eggs of nematodes contain

A

Chitin

54
Q

Serves as the brain of a nematode

A

Cerebral ganglia

55
Q

Nerve ring of a nematode

A

Circumenteric nerve ring

56
Q

Nervous system of cerebral ganglia or of circumenteric nerve ring connect to ______ and ______ nerves

A

Anterior and posterior

57
Q

Chemosensory organs of a nematode

A

Amphids

58
Q

Where are amphids located in a nematode

A

Lips

59
Q

A parasitic helminth that is free-living and parasitic forms

A

Nematodes

60
Q

Development of a nematode

A

Direct

61
Q

2 categories of a nematode infection

A

Egg is infective
Larva is infective

62
Q

Scientific name of hookworms

A

Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus

63
Q

Scientific nsme of pinworms

A

Enterobius vermicularis

64
Q

Scientific name for intestinal roundworms

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

65
Q

Also known as spaghetti worms

A

Intestinal roundworms or ascaris lumbricoides

66
Q

Scientific name for Trichina worms

A

Trichinella spiralis

67
Q

Scientific name for whipworm

A

Trichuris trichiura

MICRO PARA CHAPTER 2 (8 decks)

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