Lesson 6. ERIK HOMBURGER ERIKSON’S(1902-1994) EGO PSYCHOLOGY Flashcards
Birthdate of Erikson
June 15, 1902
Erikson died on
May 12, 1994
viewed man as optimistic and idealistic. On the dimension of pessimism versus optimism, he tends to be optimistic.
Erik Erikson
is concerned with the integration of biological and
psychosocial forces in the determination of personality functioning
Ego psychology
individual who resolves the crises inherent in the developmental process.
Ego identity (structure)
a person’s ability to unify experiences and actions in an adaptive manner.
Ego (Erikson’s)
it refers to experiences with one body. A way of viewing one physical self as different from other people.
Body ego
it represents the image one may have of oneself in comparison with an established ideal
Ego ideal
in has the image one may possess in different social roles he performs.
Ego identity
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of development
- Early Stages
- Elementary School year
- Adolescent
- Adulthood and old age
Infants should develop a sense of basic trust.
birth to 2 years old, oral stage
Trust vs. Mistrust (Early Stages)
(2 to 3 years old, self-direction and independence stage)
Children begin to gain control over their bodies. And the usual age at which toilet training began.
Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt
Early Stages
(3 to 6 years old, oedipal/Electra complex stage)
Begins when children on the ability to control themselves, children now learn to have some influence over others in the family to successfully manipulate their surroundings.
Initiative vs. Guilt (Elementary School year)
(6 to 12 years old, learning skills mastery within the self stage) Now the task is to go beyond imitating ideal models and to learn the basic technology of the culture. Children expand their horizons beyond family and begin to explore the neighborhood.
INDUSTRY/mastery vs. INFERIORITY
Elementary School year
(13 to 18 years old, youth age fear of being rejected stage)
The main task of the adolescent is to achieve a state of identity.
Identity and repudiation vs. Identity confusion
Adolescent
(18 to 35 years old, intimacy in a relationship
stage) Intimacy with others should develop. The essential ability to relate one’s deepest hopes and fears to another person, and to accept in turn another person’s need for intimacy.
Intimacy and solidarity vs. Isolation (Adolescent)
(36 to 65 years old, passing experience to the next
generation-loss self-concern stage)
The ability to be useful to society. The goal here is to be productive and creative, leading to a sense of personal fulfillment.
Generativity vs. Stagnation (Adulthood and old age)
(66 years old and above, characteristic of wisdom stage) When people look back over their lives and feel they have made wrong decisions or more commonly that they too frequently failed to make the decision at all they see life as lacking integration.
Integrity vs. Despair (Adulthood and old age)
Structure of the ego (Erikson)
Ego psychology
Ego identity
Ego
