Lesson 6: Culture Flashcards
___, ___, ___, and ___ or even ___ objects that are passed from one generation to the next
Language, beliefs, values, norms, material
Language, beliefs, values, and norms or even material objects that are passed from one generation to the next
Culture
Who said that language, beliefs, values, and norms or even material objects that are passed from one generation to the next is culture?
James Henslin
When did Henslin say that language, beliefs, values, and norms or even material objects that are passed from one generation to the next is culture?
2006
True or False: Culture is only non-tangible.
False
Abstract values, beliefs, and perceptions of the world that lies beyond people’s behavior and that are reflected by their behavior
Culture
___ ___, ___, and ___ of the world that lies beyond people’s ___ and that are reflected by their ___
Abstract, values, beliefs, perceptions, behavior, behavior
Who said that abstract values, beliefs, and perceptions of the world that lies beyond people’s behavior and that are reflected by their behavior is culture?
William Haviland
When did Haviland say that abstract values, beliefs, and perceptions of the world that lies beyond people’s behavior and that are reflected by their behavior is culture?
1999
True or False: Culture is objective.
False
Jewelry, clothing, art, weapons, etc.
Material culture
Beliefs, norms, values
Non-material culture
Culture that is also referred to as non-material culture
Symbolic culture
Where people attach meaning and use to communicate
Symbol
Consists of symbols that people use and attach meaning
Symbolic culture
Even without ___, ___ has meaning and action
message, symbol
Movement of the body to communicate
Gestures
Shorthand ways to convey messages without using words
Gesture
True or False: Gesture is universal.
False
Allows human experiences to be cumulative
Language
Provides a social and shared past and future
Language
Allows sharing of feelings and complex behavior
Language
The heart of culture
Language
When was Sapir and Whorf’s hypothesis on Language and Perception?
1930s
Who were the 2 sociologists concluded a hypothesis on language and perception?
— Edward Sapir
— Benjamin Whorf
Sapir and Whorf discovered ___ of the ___ ___ had no words to distinguish ___, ___, ___
Hopi Indians, Southwestern, United States, past, present, future
Modified True or False: Sapir and 1) Weber discovered 2) Asians of the 3) Southwestern Thailand had no words to distinguish 4) past, present, and future.
1) Whorf
2) Hopi Indians
3) Southwestern United States
4) True
True or False: Sapir and Whorf concluded that words might be more than labels that people attach to things.
True
Sapir and Whorf said that ___ not only expresses our ___ and ___, but it also shapes the way we ___ and ___
language, thoughts, perceptions, think, perceive
When did Sapir and Whorf said that language not only expresses our thoughts and perceptions, but it also shapes the way we think and perceive
— Sapir (1949)
— Whorf (1956)
True or False: Sapir and Whorf indicates that rather than objects and events forcing themselves into our consciousness, it is our language that determines our consciousness, and hence our perception of objects and events.
True
True or False: Sapir and Whorf indicates that rather than objects and events forcing themselves into our consciousness, it is our language that determines our consciousness, and hence our perception of objects and events.
True
Sapir and Whorf indicates that rather than ___ and ___ forcing themselves into our ___, it is our ___ that determines our consciousness, and hence our ___ of ___ and ___.
objects, events, consciousness, language, percetion, objects, events
Standards people define what is desirable or undesirable, good or bad, ugly or beautiful
Values
Varies in societies and time
Values
Varies in place
Norms
Expectations of “right” behavior
Norms
Expressions of approval for upholding norms or expressions of disapproval for violating them
Sanction
Expressions of approval for upholding norms or expressions of disapproval for violating them
Sanction
True or False: Sanctions are tangible or non-tangible.
True
Norms not strictly enforced
Folkways
Norms taken much more seriously and is essential to core values and conformity
Mores
Strongly ingrained
Taboo
What are the 3 elements of culture?
— Belief systems
— Cultural values
— Attitudes
Folkways, folklores, mores, values, norms, etc.
Belief system
Norms in a society like Filipinos are family oriented
Cultural values
3 characteristics of culture
— Culture is shared
— Culture is learned
— Culture is dynamic and changing
Regionalism of fellow Cebuanos
Attitudes
the values and related behaviors of a group that distinguish its members from the larger culture; a world within a world.
Subculture
a group whose values, beliefs, norms, and related behaviors place its members in opposition to the broader culture.
Counterculture
the ideal values, norms and goals of a people
Ideal culture
the norms and values that people actually follow
Real culture
the spread of cultural characteristics from one group to another
Cultural diffusion
a process in which cultures become similar to one another
Cultural leveling
not all parts of a culture change at the same pace
Culture lag
disorientation that people experience when they come in contact with a fundamentally different culture and can no longer depend on their taken-for-granted assumptions about life
Culture shock
To counter tendency to use our culture as standard to judge other cultures
Culture relativism
Understanding culture in its own terms
Culture relativism
Who asked the question of where we draw the line in culture relativism?
Robert Edgerton
Who wrote Sick Societies?
Robert Edgerton
When did Edgerton write Sick Societies?
1992
___ suggested that we develop a ___ for evaluating ___ on their quality of life
Robert Edgerton, scale, cultures
True or False: Cultural values that result in exploitation are superior to those that enhance people’s lives.
False
Using our own group’s way of doing things as a yardstick for judging others
Ethnocentrism
