LESSON 5

Question 1

What is a diuretic?

Answer 1

Medication that promotes an increase in urine volume and is often prescribed to reduce excessive production of urine.

Question 2

Define Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI).

Answer 2

A myocardial infarction resulting from acute obstruction of a coronary artery.

Question 3

What is intermittent claudication?

Answer 3

Muscle pain (ache, cramp, numbness, or sense of fatigue) that occurs during exercise and is relieved by a short period of rest.

Question 4

What causes Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)?

Answer 4

Narrowing or occlusion of the coronary arteries, most commonly due to atherosclerotic deposits.

Question 5

How do beta blockers affect the heart?

Answer 5

They slow the heart rate and decrease maximal heart rate by blocking sympathetic nervous system stimulation.

Question 6

What is the primary action of antihistamines?

Answer 6

They block histamine receptors in the body.

Question 7

How do bronchodilators work?

Answer 7

They relax and widen the constricted bronchial smooth muscle.

Question 8

What do calcium channel blockers do?

Answer 8

They relax and widen blood vessels.

Question 9

What is the function of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 9

They reduce the activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme, preventing the formation of angiotensin II.

Question 10

What is the role of Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists?

Answer 10

They block the action of angiotensin II receptors, allowing blood vessels to dilate.

Question 11

What does sympathomimetic mean?

Answer 11

Characteristics of medications that mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system.

Question 12

Define vasoconstriction.

Answer 12

Narrowing of the opening of blood vessels, leading to increased blood flow to a part of the body.

Question 13

What three factors does the new health-screening process consider?

Answer 13

1. Current level of physical activity. 2. Diagnosed cardiovascular, metabolic, or renal disease. 3. Desired exercise intensity.

Question 14

What three categories of individuals does the new health-screening process identify?

Answer 14

1. Those needing medical clearance before exercise. 2. Those with significant diseases who may benefit from supervised exercise. 3. Those needing exclusion from exercise until conditions are controlled.

Question 15

True or False: The risk of cardiovascular complications during resistance exercise is low.

Answer 15

True.

Question 16

What document is used for self-guided screening in the preparticipation health screening?

Answer 16

The PAR-Q+.

Question 17

Why is information about a client’s medication use important during screening?

Answer 17

Some substances alter biochemistry and may affect exercise performance and physiological responses.

Question 18

What is the difference between self-directed exercise screening and personal trainer-guided screening?

Answer 18

Self-directed uses a standardized questionnaire with little feedback, while personal trainer-guided allows for rapport building and immediate implementation of methods.

Question 19

If a client shows shortness of breath and dizziness, what should be done?

Answer 19

Stop exercise and obtain clearance from a physician.

Question 20

Is medical clearance recommended for a new client with type 2 diabetes before exercise?

Answer 20

Yes.

Question 21

What is the next step for a client with a history of diabetes wanting to add vigorous-intensity exercise?

Answer 21

Get clearance from a doctor.

Question 22

The risk of exercise-related acute myocardial infarction is highest among individuals who ______.

Answer 22

Perform a level of physical activity to which they are not accustomed.

Question 23

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents _______.

Answer 23

Limit sympathetic nervous system stimulation.

Question 24

The BEST way to monitor exercise intensity for a client on a beta blocker is to use ______.

Answer 24

Rating of perceived exertion.

Question 25

Calcium channel blockers ________.

Answer 25

Lower blood pressure.

Question 26

For which condition are diuretics usually prescribed?

Answer 26

High blood pressure.

Question 27

What is the goal of the ACSM preparticipation guidelines?

Answer 27

Remove unnecessary barriers to becoming more physically active.

Question 28

The PAR-Q+ was developed with the goal of __________.

Answer 28

Reducing unnecessary barriers to exercise.

Question 29

List the diseases personal trainers should be aware of for medical clearance.

Answer 29

1. Cardiovascular disease. 2. Metabolic disease. 3. Renal disease.

Question 30

What signs and symptoms should personal trainers assess for medical clearance?

Answer 30

Pain, shortness of breath, orthopnea, dizziness, ankle edema, palpitations, intermittent claudication, known heart murmur.

Question 31

Is using a standard target heart rate appropriate for a client on a beta blocker?

Answer 31

No, it is not appropriate due to altered heart rate responses.

Question 32

What methods could be used to monitor exercise intensity for a client on a beta blocker?

Answer 32

Rating of Perceived Exertion or the talk test.

Question 33

What is the purpose of the ACSM preparticipation guidelines?

Answer 33

To remove unnecessary barriers to becoming more physically active ## Footnote The guidelines aim to facilitate increased physical activity by simplifying the preparticipation health-screening process.

Question 34

What does risk factor profiling entail in relation to exercise preparticipation health screening?

Answer 34

It is not part of the exercise preparticipation health-screening process due to lack of supporting evidence ## Footnote Risk factors without underlying disease do not necessarily increase the risk for activity-related cardiovascular events.

Question 35

What is the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+)?

Answer 35

An evidence-based form designed to reduce unnecessary barriers to exercise ## Footnote The PAR-Q+ serves as a self-guided screening tool or as an additional element for personal trainers.

Question 36

How can the PAR-Q+ be utilized?

Answer 36

As a self-guided screening tool or as an additional element of screening by personal trainers ## Footnote It helps in gathering additional client information.

Question 37

True or False: Risk factor classification is a necessary step in the exercise preparticipation health-screening process.

Answer 37

False ## Footnote Risk factor classification is not supported by sufficient evidence and may hinder participation.