LESSON 5

Question 1

Order of digestive system

Answer 1

MOUTH-ESOPHAGUS-STOMACH-SMALL INTESTINE-LARGE INTESTINE-RECTUM

Question 2

helps dissolve the food so that you can taste it; only particles in solution can react with taste buds

Answer 2

SALIVA

Question 3

a short tube that is shared by both the digestive system and the respiratory system

Answer 3

PHARYNX

Question 4

once a mouthful of food has been chewed and swallowed it is called

Answer 4

BOLUS

Question 5

the stomach retains the bolus for a while and add juice to it and transform into a semiliquid mass

Answer 5

CHYME

Question 6

opens into the small intestine and then closes after the chyme passes through

Answer 6

pyloric sphincter

Question 7

secretes digestive fluids into the small intestine from the two organs outside the GI tract

Answer 7

BILE DUCT

Question 8

two organs outside the GI tract

Answer 8

GALLBLADDER AND PANCREAS

Question 9

three segments of small intestine

Answer 9

DUODENUM
JEJUNUM
ILEUM

Question 10

digestion is completed within the

Answer 10

SMALL INTESTINE

Question 11

Once you have swallowed, materials are moved through the rest of the GI tract by involuntary muscular contractions. This motion, known as

Answer 11

GASTROINTESTINAL MOTILITY

Question 12

TWO TYPES OF MOVEMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL MOTILITY

Answer 12

PERISTALSIS
SEGMENTATION

Question 13

propels or pushes

Answer 13

PERISTALSIS

Question 14

mixes, with more gradual pushing

Answer 14

SEGMENTATION

Question 15

Besides forcing the intestinal contents along, the muscles of the GI tract help to liquefy them to chyme so that the digestive juices will have access to all their nutrients

Answer 15

LIQUEFYING PROCESS

Question 16

that break the bonds in the chains of starch

Answer 16

SALIVARY AMYLASE

Question 17

secreted by the gastric glands, is composed of water, enzymes, and hydrochloric acid

Answer 17

GASTRIC JUICE

Question 18

The acid is so strong that it burns the throat if it happens to reflux into the upper esophagus and mouth.

Answer 18

HYDROCHLORIC ACID

Question 19

Pancreatic juice contributes enzymes that digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Glands in the Intestinal wall also secrete

Answer 19

DIGESTIVE ENZYMES

Question 20

neutralizes the acidic chyme as it enters the small intestine. From this point on, the digestive tract contents are neutral or slightly alkaline. The enzymes of both the intestine
and the pancreas work best in this environment

Answer 20

BICARBONATE

Question 21

secreted continuously by the liver and is concentrated and stored in the gallbladder.

Answer 21

BILE

Question 22

emulsifier that brings fats into suspension in water

Answer 22

BILE

Question 23

the energy nutrients depends on the meal contents. If the meal is high in simple sugars, digestion proceeds fairly rapidly. On the other hand, if it is rich in fat, digestion is slower

Answer 23

RATE OF DIGESTION

Question 24

Different types of lipoproteins includes:

Answer 24

□ chylomicrons
□ very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL),
□ low-density lipoproteins (LDL),
□ high-density lipoproteins (HDL)

Question 25

the type of lipoproteins made primarily by liver cells to transport lipids to various tissues in the body; composed primarily of triglycerides

Answer 25

VLDL

Question 26

the type of lipoproteins derived from VLDL as cells remove triglycerides from them, carries cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to the cells of the body and are composed primarily of cholesterol

Answer 26

LDL

Question 27

the type of lipoproteins that transport cholesterol back to the liver from peripheral cells; composed primarily of protein

Answer 27

HDL