LESSON 4

Question 1

are chemical compounds that contain the same atoms as carbohydrates and lipids carbon (C), hydrogen (H). and oxygen (O)-but are different in that they also contain nitrogen (N) atoms

Answer 1

PROTEINS

Question 2

give the name amino (nitrogen containing) to the amino acids that form the links in the chains we call proteins

Answer 2

NITROGEN ATOMS

Question 3

When two amino acids bond together, the resulting structure is known as

Answer 3

DIPEPTIDE

Question 4

Three amino acids bonded together form

Answer 4

TRIPEPTIDE

Question 5

As additional amino acids join the chain, the structure becomes a

Answer 5

POLYPEPTIDE

Question 6

Polypeptide chains twist into

Answer 6

COMPLEX SHAPES

Question 7

amino acids that the body can synthesize

Answer 7

NON ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS

Question 8

non essential amino acids

Answer 8

(2-G, 4-A, 2-C, RTS)
GLYCINE
GLUTAMIC ACID
ALANINE
ARGININE
ASPARAGINE
ASPARTIC ACID
CYSTINE
CYSTEIN
RISTIDINE
TYROSINE
SERINE

Question 9

amino acids that the body cannot synthesize in amounts sufficient to meet physiological need.

Answer 9

ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS

Question 10

essential amino acids

Answer 10

(HILLMPTTV)
HISTIDINE
ISOLEUCINE
LEUCINE
LYSINE
METHIONINE
PHENYLALAMINE
THREONINE
TRYPTOPHAN
VALINE

Question 11

The most recognizable consequences of _____ include slow growth in children, impaired brain and kidney functions, weakened immune defenses, and impaired nutrient absorption from the digestive tract.

Answer 11

PROTEIN DEFICIENCY

Question 12

In clinical settings, the term ____ has traditionally been used to describe the condition that develops when the diet delivers too little protein, too little energy or both

Answer 12

MALNUTRITION/ PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION

Question 13

malnutrition caused by recent severe food restriction; characterized in children by underweight for height (wasting). The form of malnutrition manifested in a child’s condition depends partly on the nature of the food shortage.

Answer 13

SEVERE ACUTE MALNUTRITION (SAM)

Question 14

malnutrition caused by long-term food deprivation; characterized in children by
short height for age (stunting)

Answer 14

CHRONIC MALNUTRITION

Question 15

is a Ghanaian word meaning a “sickness that infects the first child when the second child is born.”

Answer 15

KWASHIORKOR

Question 16

When a mother who has been nursing her first child bears a second child, she wears the first child and puts the second one on the breast. The first child, suddenly switched from nutrient-dense, protein-rich breast milk to a starchy, protein-poor gruel, soon begins to sicken and die.

Answer 16

KWASHIORKOR

Question 17

With too little nutritious food, concentrations of the blood protein albumin fall, causing fluids to shift out of the blood and into the tissues edema, some muscle wasting may occur, but it may not be apparent because abdomen become swollen with edema a distinguishing feature of

Answer 17

KWASHIORKOR

Question 18

appropriately named from the Greek word meaning “dying away,” reflects a prolonged, unrelenting deprivation of food observed in children living in impoverished nations. Children living in poverty simply do not have enough food.

Answer 18

MARASMUS

Question 19

They subsist on diluted cereal drinks that supply scant energy and protein of low quality; such food can barely sustain life, much less support growth

Answer 19

MARASMUS

Question 20

provide enough of all essential amino acids needed to support the body’s work

Answer 20

HIGH QUALITY PROTREINS

Question 21

do not provide enough of all essential amino acids needed to support the body’s work

Answer 21

LOW QUALITY PROTEINS