Lesson 3: Truth

Question 1

property of sentences, assertions, beliefs, thoughts, or propositions that are said, in ordinary discourse, to agree with fact

Answer 1

truth

Question 2

3 bearers of truth:

Answer 2

1. belief
2. statements
3. sentences

Question 3

mental expression of our claims

Answer 3

belief

Question 4

refers to a linguistic expression whose function is to advance a claim about the world

Answer 4

statements

Question 5

what are the methods of truth?

Answer 5

1. observation
2. reasoning
3. intuition

Question 6

is the method to check if an empirical statement, a statement about an observable fact in the world, correctly represents a fact in the world.

Answer 6

Observation

Question 7

observation of our own thoughts and feelings

Answer 7

Internal Observation

Question 8

Philosophers identify this as introspection

Answer 8

Internal observation

Question 9

is observation of things “outside our mind or consciousness”

Answer 9

External Observation

Question 10

the process of knowing or establishing truth by means our reason

Answer 10

Reasoning

Question 11

is the process of reasoning that moves from specific observations to broader generalizations.

Answer 11

Inductive

Question 12

is the process of reasoning that starts from general statements to reach a logical conclusion.

Answer 12

Deductive

Question 13

the power of obtaining knowledge that cannot be acquired either by inference or observation, by reason or experience.

Answer 13

Intuition

Question 14

provides the person having the experience some mean of knowing something which cannot be known using the usual methods of observation by our sense organs and reasoning.

Answer 14

Mystical Experience

Question 15

may take the form of testimony of a reliable eyewitness, information provided by an appropriate expert, and reliable documents, among others.

Answer 15

Appeal to Authority

Question 16

What are the Methods of Truth?

Answer 16

• Observation
• Reasoning
• Intuition
• Mystical Experience
• Appeal to Authority

Question 17

is established by means of sense of experience.

Answer 17

Empirical truth

Question 18

is established by means of reason.

Answer 18

Rational truth

Question 19

it can only be known after some relevant experience.

Answer 19

Posteriori

Question 20

it can be only known before some relevant experience.

Answer 20

Priori

Question 21

extends our knowledge; the information provided by the predicate is not contained the information provided by the subject.

Answer 21

Synthetic truth

Question 22

does not extend knowledge; the information provided by the predicate is contained the information provided by the subject.

Answer 22

Analytic

Question 23

is not true in all situations

Answer 23

Contingent truth

Question 24

is true in all possible situations.

Answer 24

Necessary truth

Question 25

can only be known by the person who has the belief of makes the statement considered to be true.

Answer 25

Private truth

Question 26

can, in principle, be known by everyone.

Answer 26

Public truth

Question 26

is dependent on the attitudes, preferences, or interests of a person or a group of persons.

Answer 26

Subjective truth

Question 27

is independent on the attitude, preferences , or interests of a person or a group of person.

Answer 27

Objective truth

Question 28

if its truth is acknowledged by everyone.

Answer 28

Universal truth

Question 29

if its truth is acknowledged by some people.

Answer 29

Relative truth

Question 30

the truth of the statement arrived at through the process of deductive reasoning.

Answer 30

Certain truth

Question 31

the truth of the statement arrived at through the process of inductive reasoning

Answer 31

Probable truth