Lesson 3: The chemical basis of life Flashcards
matter is composed of smallest particle called what?
Atom
It is composed of a smallest
particle called atom.
Atom builds an element and a
compound.
Matter
These are substances
that cannot be broken
down into its constituent
by ordinary chemical
means.
ELEMENT
These are substances
made of two or more
elements that can be
separated through
chemical techniques.
COMPOUND
These are compounds
which do not contain
carbon
INORGANIC COMPOUND
there are carbon-containing compound
that are usually large
and are covalently
bonded. These are
present in plants,
animals, and humans
ORGANIC COMPOUND
are organic molecules produced by a living
organism which performs an essential part for all life processes.
BIOMOLECULES
These are energy-giving
organic compound made up of
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
in 1:2:1 ratio
CARBOHYDRATES
what does saccharide means?
sugar
what does monomer means
building blocks of biomolecule
is a
polysaccharide
found in insect
outer skeleton.
Chitin
is a
polysaccharide
found in bacterial
cell wall.
Peptidoglycan
is a
polysaccharide
found in plant’s
cell wall.
Cellulose
stored polysaccharides in plants made entirely
of glucose molecules.
Starch
stored polysaccharides in animal body used
for emergency purposes or during when the body lacks a
supply of glucose molecules.
Glycogen
Act as a stored energy
in the body and forms
essential structure in
cell’s permeability.
LIPIDS
found in
chocolate and meat are solid
at room temperature and
can increase the risk of
arteriosclerosis.
Saturated fats
are the fats from the
food we eat that is primarily used
as stored energy during which
the body is not fueled by
carbohydrates.
Triglycerides
found in
fish, egg, avocado and
coconut oil have less
tendency to solidify at room
temperature.
Unsaturated fats
is composed
of two fatty acids attached
to a glycerol and a
phosphate group.
Phospholipids
are composed of
carbon skeleton
consisting of four fused
ring.
It can alter the membrane
fluidity and function as
signaling molecule
Steroids
Essential in tissue
structure and act as a
building blocks of tissues
and organs.
PROTEIN
Protein can repair
damaged tissues. It is
composed of _____ _____
that are chained together
in a peptide bond.
Amino acids
are proteins that
act as catalyst in
biochemical reaction.
Enzymes
are protein known
to stimulate biological
activity.
Hormones
covers
body structure. It can be
found in hair, nails and skin.
Structural protein
can
be seen in the body as
stored energy.
Energy-storing protein
transport
nutrients across cell
membranes.
Transport protein
are protein
responsible for immunity
against illnesses.
Antibodies
are
protein that are fibrous and
involved in muscle
contraction.
Contractile protein
These are molecules of life
that direct and store
information for cellular
growth and reproduction.
NUCLEIC ACID
