Lesson 3: Planning Technical Activities Flashcards
It is the output of planning, provides a methodical way of achieving desired results.
plan
______________, according to Nickels and others, refers to “the management function that involves anticipating future trends and determining the best strategies and tactics to achieve organizational objectives.”
Planning
Aldug and Stearns, on the other hand, define ___________ as “the selection and sequential ordering of tasks required to achieve an organizational goal.”
Planning, according to Cole and Hamilton, is deciding what will be done, who will do it, where, when and how it will be done, and the standards to which it will be done.
planning
For our purpose, it will suffice to define __________ as selecting the best course of action so that the desired result
may be achieved.
planning
Give the three (3) different management levels that undertake planning activities.
- Top management level - strategic planning
- Middle management level-intermediate planning
- Lower management level - operational planning.
It refers to the process of determining the major goals of the organization and the policies and strategies for obtaining and using resources to achieve those goals.
Strategic planning
The output of strategic planning is the _____________ which spells out “the decision about long-range goals and the course of action to achieve these goals.”
strategic plan
This refers to “the process of determining the contributions that subunits can make with allocated resources.”
Intermediate planning
This refers to “the process of determining how specific tasks can best be accomplished on time with available resources.
Operational planning
Give the four (4) planning processes.
- setting organizational, divisional, or unit goals
- developing strategies or tactics to reach those
goals - determining resources needed and
- setting standards
This may be defined as the “precise statement of results sought, quantified in time and magnitude, where possible.”
Goals
Under developing strategies or tactics to reach goal, the ways to realize the goals are called ____________ .
strategies
A _________ may be defined as “a course of action aimed at ensuring that the organization will achieve its objectives.
strategy
A _________ is a short-term action taken by management to adjust to negative internal or external influences.
tactic
A _________ may be defined as “a quantitative or qualitative measuring device designed to help monitor the performances of people, capital goods, or processes.”
standard
TYPES OF PLANS
Give the three (3) types of plans.
- Functional Area Plans
- Plans With Time Horizon
- Plans According to Frequency of Use
TYPES OF PLANS: Functional Area Plans
Plans may be prepared according to the needs of the different functional areas. Among the types of functional
area plans are the following:
Give the four (4).
- Marketing plan
- Production plan
- Financial plan
- Human resource management plan
TYPES OF PLANS: Functional Area Plans
This is the written document
or blueprint for implementing and controlling an organization’s marketing activities related to a particular marketing strategy
Marketing plan
TYPES OF PLANS: Functional Area Plans
This is a written document that states the quantity of output a company must produce in broad terms and by product family.
Production plan
TYPES OF PLANS: Functional Area Plans
It is a document that summarizes the current financial situation of the firm,
analyzes financial needs, and recommends a
direction for financial activities.
Financial plan
TYPES OF PLANS: Functional Area Plans
it is a document that indicates the human resource needs of a company detailed in terms of quantity and quality and based on the requirements of the company’s strategic plan.
Human resource management plan
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans With Time Horizon
Plans with time horizon consist of the following:
Give the two (2) plans.
- Short-range plans
- Long-range plans
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans With Time Horizon
These are plans intended
to cover o period of less than one year. First-line supervisors are mostly concerned with these plans.
Short-range plans
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans With Time Horizon
These are plans covering
a time span of more than one year. These are mostly undertaken by middle and top management.
Long-range plans
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use
According to frequency of use, plans may be classified as:
Give the two (2) classifications.
- Standing plans
- single-use plans
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use
These are plans that are used again and again, and they focus on a managerial situations that occur repeatedly.
Standing plans
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use
Standing plans may be further classified as follows:
Give the three (3) further classifications.
- Policies
- Procedures
- Rules
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use (under Standing Plans)
They are broad guidelines to aid managers at every level in making decisions about recurring situations or function.
Policies
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use (under Standing Plans)
They are plans that describe the
exact series of actions to be taken in a given situation.
Procedures
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use (under Standing Plans)
They are statements that either require or forbid a certain action.
Rules
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use
These plans are specifically developed to implement courses of action that are relatively unique and are unlikely to be repeated.
Single-Use Plan
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use
Single-use plans may be further classified as follows:
Give the three (3) further classifications.
- budgets
- programs, and
- projects
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use (under Single-Use Plans)
A__________, according to Weston and Brigham, is “a plan which sets forth the projected expenditure for a certain activity and explains where the required funds will come from
Budget
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use (under Single-Use Plans)
It is a single-use plan designed to coordinate a large set of activities.
Program
TYPES OF PLANS: Plans According to Frequency of Use (under Single-Use Plans)
It is a single-use plan that is usually more limited in scope than a program and is sometimes prepared to support a program.
Project
PARTS OF THE VARIOUS FUNCTIONAL AREA PLANS (The Contents of the Marketing Plan)
William Cohen maintains that the following must be included in the marketing plan:
Give the eight (8).
- The Executive Summary
- Table of Contents
- Situational Analysis and Target Market
- Marketing Objectives and Goals
- Marketing Strategies
- Marketing Tactics
- Schedules and Budget&
- Financial Data and Control
PARTS OF THE VARIOUS FUNCTIONAL AREA PLANS (Parts of the Strategic Plan)
The strategic plan must contain the following:
Give the three (3).
- Company or corporate mission
- Objectives or goals
- Strategies
PARTS OF THE VARIOUS FUNCTIONAL AREA PLANS (Parts of the Strategic Plan)
____________________________________ refers to the “strategic statement that identifies why an organization exists,
its philosophy of management, an d its purpose.
Company of corporate mission
