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Values Education > Lesson 3 - Philosophical Views of Man > Flashcards

Lesson 3 - Philosophical Views of Man Flashcards

1
Q

Philosophy begins with a sense of wonder. A man wonders at 3 main things. What are these?

A
  1. God
  2. World
  3. His/her very being
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2
Q

Know thyself is said by who?

A

Socrates

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3
Q

He thought that postulating on human matters is what a true philosopher should do.

A

Socrates

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4
Q

It comes from two Greek words, “Philo” and “Sophos,” which mean love of wisdom.

A

Philosophy

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5
Q

It is a search for meaning. It is a quest.

A

Philosophy

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6
Q

Philo

A

Love

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7
Q

Sophos

A

Wisdom

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8
Q

This is a system of beliefs about reality

A

Philosophy

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9
Q

It is one’s integrated view of the world

A

Philosophy

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10
Q

It includes an understanding of the nature of existence, man, and his role in the world

A

Philosophy

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11
Q

It is a necessary product of man’s rational mind

A

Philosophy

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12
Q

According to (Zulueta, 2010) this makes man think about the basic foundations of his outlook in life, his knowledge, and his beliefs.

A

Philosophy

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13
Q

Philosophy enables us to _____ ourselves better

A

understand

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14
Q

Philosophy helps us understand others; our _____

A

fellowmen

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15
Q

Philosophy helps us understand others’ ways of _____

A

thinking

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16
Q

Philosophy helps us understand the _____ and our place and role in it

A

world

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17
Q

Philosophy helps us understand the significance, meaning, value, and finality of _____

A

human life

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18
Q

Philosophy helps us know and understand _____ in his nature, essence, activities, and attributes

A

God

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19
Q

Philosophy enables us to understand all things in their ultimate causes, reasons, and principles through our _____

A

reasoning faculty

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20
Q

This advocates specifically that man is a composite of two elements: Body and Soul (mind)

A

Dualism

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21
Q

All _____ is separate and distinct. Individuals are clearly different from the concept of supreme self, i.e. _____ and _____ are two distinct entities, and upon the death of the _____ the _____ remains a distinct entity.

A

existence; body; soul; body; soul

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22
Q

The Christians led by _____ and _____ would disagree with any of the two-mentioned dualistic views on the composition of man.

A

St. Augustine; St. Thomas

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23
Q

Using the Scripture as basis, [St. Augustine and St. Thomas] believe that a man is a tripartite being: _____, _____ and _____. (Trinity)

A

body; sould; spirit

24
Q

This is the outer part of man, which one can sensibly perceive. Through it, he can have contact with the world around him.

A

Body

25
Q

This is the inner part of man, which cannot be seen. It consists of three parts: the mind, the emotions and the will.

A

Soul

26
Q

The soul consists of three parts. What are they?

A

The mind, the emotions, and the will

27
Q

This is the innermost part of man by which he can commune with God. This core self is believed to be the temple of God.

A

Spirit

28
Q

This is the essential part of man’s nature, the heart of all human life.

A

Spirit

29
Q

This holds that man is only one simple element.

A

Monism

30
Q

Man is purely spiritual.

A

Idealistic monism

31
Q

Advocates of this idea were the ancient Hindus.

A

Idealistic monism

32
Q

This argues that only the body is real.

A

Materialist monism

33
Q

The idea of the spirit is only an illusion.

A

Materialist monism

34
Q

Mind and body are distinct and non-identical entities.

A

Dualism

35
Q

Mind and body are manifestations of a single substance.

A

Monism

36
Q

A concrete individual substance endowed by reason.

A

Man is a person

37
Q

The human person is a unity of differentiated dimensions. A union of body, soul, spirit.

A

Man is a substantial unity

38
Q

Because of his rational nature man is endowed with: intelligence to understand the world freedom to self-govern in the world.

A

Man is an autonomous being

39
Q

Man is a rational being. He is open to himself and to others.

A

Man is a social being

40
Q

The human person possesses dignity that has no price but value (Immanuel Kant).

A

Man possesses dignity and rights

41
Q

What are the characteristics of man that point to his dignity?

A

intelligence, freedom, and love

42
Q

Man is defined by traditional scholastic philosophy as a _____, or as a composite of _____, and _____.

A

rational animal; body; soul

43
Q

Under the aspect of _____, he is like any other animal, a substance, mortal, subject to limitation of time and space.

A

body

44
Q

Under the aspect of _____, he is gifted with the power of reason free and immortal.

A

soul

45
Q

He is a foremost subjectivity, a unique core or center, source, depth, well spring of initiative and meaning.

A

Man as Embodied Subjectivity

46
Q

As embodied subject, man is being in the world. The human body is the link of man with the world.

The things around man are structures that articulate a meaning proceeding from the subjectivity of man.

A

Man as Being in the World

47
Q

The world of man is not just the world of thins but also the world of fellowman.

A

Man as Being-with: the interhuman and the Social

48
Q

It is the I-Thou relationship (Martin Buber) in contrast to the I-It relationship.

A

interhuman

49
Q

Aristotle characterizes man as “_____” This refers to the social nature of man, social is not something that one enters into by contract to achieve some common aim.

A

political animal

50
Q

Who characterized man as a “political animal?”

A

Aristotle

51
Q

The final aim of education is becoming what?

A

a person

52
Q

The final aim of education is becoming a person.

Person is the task of becoming oneself. And it consists in integration, in becoming whole, in unifying his diverse activities of speaking, thinking, willing and feeling.

A

Man as a person and his crowning activity is love which presupposes justice

53
Q

The commitment to love presupposes justice, the true foundation of _____.

A

social order

54
Q

_____ as the enhancement of the other person requires giving to the other his due, his basic dignity as a person.

A

Love

55
Q

Love is the _____ of justice, justice is the _____ of love.

A

maximum; minimum

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