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CNA > Lesson #3 > Flashcards

Lesson #3 Flashcards

1
Q

AIDS/acquired immune deficiency syndrome

A

Human disease that interferes with the human immune system

Spread through sexual transmission and through blood

Transmission is through blood or bodily fluids. I spread through blood contact or sexual contact

Prevention standard precautions

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2
Q

Airborne precautions

A

Measures used to protect against disease that are transmitted through the air

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3
Q

Aseptic

A

Free or freed from the pathogenic microorganisms…..free from contamination

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4
Q

Blood-borne pathogens

A

Micro organisms in human blood which can cause infection and disease in humans

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5
Q

Body fluids

A

Saliva, sputum, urine, feces, semen, vaginal secretions and pus

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6
Q

Causative agent

A

A biological agent/pathogen that causes a disease

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7
Q

CDC/Center for disease control and prevention

A

Federal agency the issues guidelines to protect and improve health

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8
Q

Chain of infection

A

An illustration to describe how disease is transmitted from one person to another

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9
Q

Clostridium Difficile (C-Diff)

A

Bacteria which causes severe watery diarrhea and other intestinal disease when competing bacteria have been wiped out by antibiotics

Transmission is through spores which may survive up to six months on objects

Prevention is through contact precautions that require caregiver to wash hands with soap and hot water

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10
Q

Contact precautions

A

Measures used when there is a risk of transmitting or contracting a micro organism from touching infected object or person

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11
Q

Direct contact

A

Touching infected person or his or her secretions

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12
Q

Disinfect

A

Process used to decrease the spread of pathogen’s by destroying them.

Chemicals are often used in this process

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13
Q

Disposable

A

A product design for short term or single term use

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14
Q

Droplet precautions

A

Measures used to protect against disease causing microorganisms that do not stay airborne and only travel a short distance

Surgical Masks

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15
Q

Hand hygiene

A

Washing hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rub

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16
Q

Healthcare associated infection/nosocomial infection

A

Infection acquired in a hospital or other healthcare setting

Catheter infection…blood stream infection…surgical site infection

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17
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver caused by infection

Transmission is from fecal to oral matter, contaminated blood or needles, sexual intercourse

Prevention is When the caregiver wash his hands with soap and hot water

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18
Q

Indirect contact

A

Transmission of the disease without physical contact.

Example touching a common objects

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19
Q

Infection control

A

Methods used to control and prevent the spread of germs that are present in the environment

20
Q

Influenza

A

Infectious disease caused by a virus

Most common symptoms are chills, fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, fatigue and general discomfort

Transmitted through direct or indirect contact. Is airborne when a person coughs, sneezes or talks

Prevention is with standard precautions, droplet precautions and frequent handwashing

21
Q

Isolation

A

To separate or isolate a person that has a harmful microorganisms and prevent the spread to other residents

22
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellow/gold tent to the skin and eyes off and seeing liver disease such as hepatitis or liver cancer

23
Q

Localized infection

A

Infection of a specific body part

24
Q

Methicillin resistant staph Aureus MRSA

A

Antibiotic resistant infection often acquired in hospitals and other facilities.

Often spread by physical contact

Transmission is through direct or indirect contact

I convention is standard precaution droplet precautions and respiratory precautions are taken

25
Q

Mode of transmission

A

How the pathogen travels from one person to another

Transmission can’t happen to air or through direct or indirect contact

26
Q

OSHA/occupational safety and health administration

A

Federal agency that protect workers from hazards on the job

27
Q

Pathogen

A

A harmful microorganisms that causes sickness

28
Q

Pediculosis

A

Infestation of lice

Transmission can be direct or indirect contact. Usually spread through combs hats and linens

Prevention is with contact precautions

29
Q

PPE/personal protective equipment

A

Barrier between a person in a potentially harmful micro organism

30
Q

portal of entry

A

The way the pathogen enters the body.

For example mouth, nose, skin breaks, urinary tract

31
Q

Portal of exit

A

The way the pathogen leaves the body

For example urine, feces, saliva, tears, drainage from moons, sores, blood, respiratory tract

32
Q

Reservoir

A

Where pathogen lives in multiplies

33
Q

Scabies

A

A contagious skin infection that occurs among humans and other animals

Small organisms which Burroughs under the host skin causing intense itching

Transmission direct and indirect contact from sharing items

Prevention is with contact precautions

34
Q

Standard precautions

A

Treating all blood, body fluids, non-intact skin and mucus as if they were infected

35
Q

Sterilization

A

Techniques that destroy all micro organisms

36
Q

Susceptible host

A

The person that could be infected easily

For example the elderly, people not in good health, and people who do not take proper infection precautions

37
Q

Systematic infection

A

Infection that occurs when pathogens enter the bloodstream and move throughout the body causing general symptoms

38
Q

Transmission based precautions

A

Special precautions implemented on the basis of how the disease spreads

39
Q

Tuberculosis

A

A bacterial infection that affects the lungs causing coughing and difficulty breathing,Fever and fatigue. It is an airborne disease carried on droplets in the air

Transmission is with respiratory

Prevention is with airborne precautions and relocating the person to a private environment

40
Q

VRE/Vancomycin Resistant enterococcus

A

Strain of enterococcus that cannot be controlled with antibiotics and it’s spread through direct/indirect contact

Transmission is from direct or indirect contact

Prevention is with standard precautions

41
Q

How important is handwashing

A

It is the single most important infection control practice

42
Q

What are the five moments recommended by the world health organization for hand hygiene?

A

1) Before resident/patient contact
2) Before aseptic task
3) After exposure to blood/body fluids
4) After resident/patient contact
5) After contact with resident/patient contact

43
Q

What are The chain of infection links

A

Causative agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host

44
Q

What are some examples of how direct contact can spread infection

A

Touching, kissing, sexual contact, contact with secretions, body lesions

45
Q

What are some examples of how indirect contact can spread infection

A

Contaminated surfaces like objects, surfaces, bugs

CNA (17 decks)

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