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Anatomy II > Lesson 3 > Flashcards

Lesson 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What isthe largest intestinal organ

A

Liver

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2
Q

How many lobes in liver

A

4

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3
Q

What ligament separates right and left lobe of liver

A

Falciform ligament

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4
Q

What system drains nutrients rich bloood from alimentary canal into liver before traveling to hearth

A

Hepatic portal system

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5
Q

Composition of bile

A

Bile salts
Bilirubin
Cholesterol

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6
Q

Blood supply to gall bladder

A

Cystic artery

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7
Q

Blood drainage

A

Cystic vein -> hepatic portal vein

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8
Q

Gall stones

A

Cholesterol precipitates into solid crystals

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9
Q

Alpha cells pamcreas

A

Glucacon

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10
Q

Beta cells pancreas

A

Insulin

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11
Q

Role of sodium bivarbonate

A

Which plays important role in neutralizing the acidity of the chyme emptied from the stomach

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12
Q

Enzyme for digesting proteins

A

Proteases

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13
Q

Enzyme fir carbohydrate digestion

A

Amylases

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14
Q

Main enzymes for fat digestion

A

Lipases

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15
Q

Protein pancreatic enzymes

A

Trypsin and chymotrypsim= from proteins to peptides of various sizes
Carboxypolypeptides -> amino acids

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16
Q

Carbohydrate enzymes in pancreas

A

Pancreatic amylase = starch to disaccharides

17
Q

Fat enzymes pancreas

A

Pancreatic lipase = neutal fat to fatty acids
Cholesterol esterase = cholesterol to fatty acids
Phospholipase = phospholipis to fatty acids

18
Q

How is cck released

A

Acid of the stomach releases secretin from wall of duodendum, fats and amino acids cause the release of cck

19
Q

What are the three phases of pancreatic secretion

A
  1. Cephalic = through vagal pathways due to sight smell taste and mastication
  2. Gastric = distention , gastrin through vagal cholinergic
  3. Intestinal = amino acids fatty acids and H+ , CCK , secretin and enteropancreatic reflexes
20
Q

Roles of bile

A

1) fat digestion and absorbtion

2) means of execretion of waste products from the blood

21
Q

When does the gladdbladder start to empty

A

When food starts to get digested in the upper gastrointestinal tract

22
Q

What is the most kmportant stimulus for gladdbladder emptying

A

CCK

23
Q

What is the emulsyfing function

A

Detergent action of the fat particles in the food decreasing the surface tension of the particles to allow agitation to break the fat globules into minute sizes

24
Q

What would happen if we didnt have bile salts

A

40% of fatty acids ingested would be lost into feces

25
Q

Role of micelles

A

Facilitate close contact between products of fat digestion and mucosa

26
Q

Whats enterohepatic circulation?

A

Bile salts are released from micelles and absorbed only in ileum and then recycled

27
Q

How are gallstones formed

A

Too mcuh absorbtion of water from bile
Too much absorbtion of bile acids from bile
Too much cholesterol from bile
Inflammation of epithelium

28
Q

Whats jaundice

A

Its a condition with too much bilirubin conventration in the plasma leading to yellow discolorstion of skin and sclera

Anatomy II (9 decks)

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