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NavCanada VFR 2501 yz > Lesson 205 Situational Awareness in Air Traffic Control > Flashcards

Lesson 205 Situational Awareness in Air Traffic Control Flashcards

1
Q

Front

A

Back

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2
Q

What is the terminal objective of Lesson 205 Situational Awareness?

A

Without references describe methods commonly used to develop and maintain situational awareness in accordance with the lesson plan.

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3
Q

What are the enabling objectives of Lesson 205 Situational Awareness?

A

EO 205.1 Explain how to use perception to maintain situational awareness. EO 205.2 Explain how to use comprehension to maintain situational awareness. EO 205.3 Explain how to use projection to maintain situational awareness.

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4
Q

What is situational awareness?

A

Situational awareness is defined as the continuous extraction of environmental information the integration of this information with previous knowledge to form a coherent mental picture and the use of that picture in developing a perception in order to anticipate future events.

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5
Q

What are the three processes involved in situational awareness?

A
  1. The perception of what is happening (scanning gathering data) 2. The comprehension of what has been perceived (understanding creating a mental model) 3. The projection or use of your comprehension to think ahead (updating the model)
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6
Q

What is the purpose of brainstorming ideas about information gathered from looking at bays in situational awareness training?

A

To enhance understanding and improve maintenance of situational awareness in the context of airport control.

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7
Q

What does EO 205.2 explain about maintaining situational awareness?

A

It explains how to use comprehension to maintain situational awareness.

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8
Q

What are pilots required to know regarding special weather sequences?

A

Pilots need to know the new sequence of weather especially if it affects their ability to conduct the approach.

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9
Q

What coordination is required if there is a runway change?

A

Coordination must take place with the IFR ACC controller and an IFR approach must be chosen if different from the arrangement.

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10
Q

What is a SIGMET?

A

SIGMET stands for SIGnificant METeorological information that aircraft under control need to know about.

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11
Q

What is included in the comprehension stage of situational awareness?

A

Moving past simple observation to seeing conflicts and applying techniques such as sequencing aircraft passing traffic resolving conflict and verifying aircraft locations.

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12
Q

What is crucial to perform during the stage of analyzing information by scanning out the window?

A

Recognizing unusual and unexpected situations such as aircraft not adhering to instructions or spotting hazards.

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13
Q

What are some examples of unusual situations to recognize during analysis?

A
  1. An aircraft not adhering to hold short instructions. 2. An aircraft not adhering to their clearance. 3. Windsock not reflecting the displayed wind. 4. Bird or animal activity posing a hazard.
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14
Q

Why is it critical to analyze the impact of equipment outages?

A

Because equipment outages such as an unserviceable runway or frequency can drastically change traffic integration and require heightened attention.

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15
Q

What is the difference between predictions and assumptions in situational awareness?

A

Predictions are based on typical behavior that helps recognize normal patterns while assumptions can lead to misjudgment of real-time situations.

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16
Q

How should controllers handle their workload when equipment outages occur?

A

They should prioritize attention to departures and ensure correct frequency switches while remaining aware of other ongoing tasks.

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17
Q

What does maintaining situational awareness involve?

A

Gathering data assessing its impact and using all available information to make decisions and predict outcomes.

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18
Q

How can controllers prepare for their first day at a tower?

A

By observing the weather active runways and noting anything unusual on the apron.

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19
Q

What is the importance of delivering and receiving thorough relief briefings?

A

It provides significant information necessary for forming a mental picture of the current operations.

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20
Q

What should controllers integrate into their routine to enhance situational awareness?

A

A systematic scan of their environment and traffic to remain aware of ongoing situations.

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21
Q

Why is communication with co-workers important?

A

It allows for sharing information and enhances collective situational awareness especially during busy operations.

22
Q

What should controllers do if they notice their co-workers are busy?

A

They should limit requests and anticipate the needs of fellow controllers to maintain efficient operations.

23
Q

What factors should controllers consider regarding staffing?

A

The number of controllers available time of day overlap and mealtime can all impact traffic handling.

24
Q

How can a controller’s personal limits affect their performance?

A

Personal circumstances such as recent vacations or sleep quality can impact attentiveness and decision-making.

25
Q

Why is it important for controllers to maintain a good knowledge of systems?

A

A strong knowledge helps identify issues and reduces distractions allowing for better situational awareness.

26
Q

When is it advisable to shift tasks away from busy times?

A

Lower priority tasks should be grouped and completed during slower periods to free up capacity for more complex situations.

27
Q

What is the risk of fixating on a problem while controlling?

A

It can lead to neglecting other important tasks which may compromise overall situational awareness.

28
Q

What strategies can help manage complex problems in traffic control?

A

Keep scanning address the next most important task and seek help if traffic becomes unmanageable.

29
Q

What is the significance of planning ahead in air traffic control?

A

It allows controllers to be more efficient and flexible in managing upcoming tasks and adapting to changes.

30
Q

What does projection refer to in the context of situational awareness?

A

It involves observing changes adjusting mental models and continuously reassessing the current and future picture.

31
Q

How does a controller maintain situational awareness?

A

By gathering data assessing its relevance and updating their mental model to reflect changes in the operational environment.

32
Q

What is the next step after processing information and forming a mental model?

A

The next step is to project how that information will impact your future decisions as well as how future decisions will impact your current picture.

33
Q

What is required to continue the mental model process?

A

The controller must simply continue to gather information incorporate that information into their model and continually reassess its impact.

34
Q

How do controllers anticipate outcomes?

A

Controllers use their mental models to anticipate the outcome of their actions driven by goals.

35
Q

What are the three steps in maintaining situational awareness?

A

The three steps are perceiving comprehending and projecting.

36
Q

What does the feed-forward process refer to in the context of situational awareness?

A

The feed-forward process refers to the more we anticipate accurately the more efficient we become in our tasks the more energy we save and the more we can preserve resources for unexpected situations.

37
Q

What is the importance of feedback in decision-making?

A

Feedback is vital to the success of the process as it helps keep our mental picture of our traffic situation aligned with the real picture.

38
Q

What is the first cue to maintain situational awareness?

A

Continue to scan and assess priorities deliberately.

39
Q

Why is it important to understand what normal situations look like?

A

To monitor aircraft adherence to proper operating procedures and recognize deviations from normal situations.

40
Q

What should controllers do in the projection phase?

A

They should use the information gathered from previous approaches and situations to determine what is likely to work next.

41
Q

What factors should controllers assess to determine if they require assistance?

A

Controllers need to assess their workload traffic complexity and volume as well as their personal limitations.

42
Q

What are some reasons for loss of situational awareness during the perception phase?

A

Loss of situational awareness can occur due to tunnel vision high workload complex-detailed problems distractions and interruptions and complacent behavior.

43
Q

What is a sign of degraded situational awareness?

A

Ambiguous decision-making.

44
Q

How can a controller recover situational awareness once it has been lost?

A

Keep it simple follow rules and procedures communicate the need for help expand focus to recover the big picture manage stress and take time to think.

45
Q

What should a controller do if they feel uncomfortable or things are becoming unmanageable?

A

Take steps to mitigate conflict and manage traffic as soon as possible.

46
Q

What is the overall objective of maintaining situational awareness?

A

To maintain a safe orderly and expeditious flow of traffic.

47
Q

What does comprehension involve in the context of situational awareness?

A

Comprehension involves understanding the significance of the information perceived.

48
Q

List five specific tasks or skills that will help you develop situational awareness.

A
  1. Maintaining a mental picture of traffic. 2. Continuously scanning the environment. 3. Anticipating the outcomes of actions. 4. Communicating effectively. 5. Recognizing deviations from normal operations.
49
Q

What behaviors can lead to a loss of situational awareness?

A
  1. Tunnel vision. 2. Preoccupation with non-critical tasks. 3. Poor communication. 4. Ignoring standard procedures.
50
Q

What is the final lesson goal mentioned in the text?

A

In the next lesson you will learn more about helicopters.

NavCanada VFR 2501 yz (6 decks)

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