LESSON 2 - PURCOM Flashcards
It does not exist in a vacuum. It operates within a certain context.
Human Interaction
Personal, physical, social, psychological, and cultural
Communication context
Pertains to the environment where communication takes place. It involves tangible factors which
can be easily perceived by the senses, such as temperature, humidity, odor, lighting, and noise
level, among others.
Physical Context
It involves
the background of both the
sender and the receiver of the
message. It includes their
education, religion, socioeconomic status, marital status,
and beliefs that greatly
influence what and how they
communicate.
Personal Context
Over the years,
most communication occurs in
a virtual environment (e.g.,
email, Skype, Facebook,
Messenger, etc.) consequently
influencing how messages are
sent, received and perceived.
Social Context
Includes the emotions and feelings of the participants in the communication process. It involves their opinions, judgements, prejudices, attitudes, and perception towards each other, which can play part ion the transmission of messages.
Psychological Context
It includes the
sets of beliefs, value systems,
guiding principles, and
assumptions based on one’s
race, ethnicity, age, gender,
sexual orientation, gender
identity and religion within
which communication happens.
Cultural Context
A set of unique and
shared beliefs, values, and norms that guide a certain group of people on how to think, behave, and ac
Culture
Distinguishes collectivism from individualism
First dimension in communication
This culture values teamwork and collaboration
Collectivist Culture
This culture puts premium on the self and personal fulfillment
Individualistic Culture
Second cultural dimension in communication
Context
This context culture uses subtle non-verbal behaviors and implicit information to convey meaning
High-context Culture
This context culture views explicit words as way to convey messages.
Low-context Culture
Third cultural dimension of communication which pertains to the concept of time among cultures.
Chronemics
This chronemic culture advocates punctuality, timely completion of
tasks, and accomplishment of one
task at a time.
Monochronic culture
This chronemic culture has more fluid and flexible concept of time.
Polychronic culture
The fourth cultural dimension which refers to the need to foresee what is going to happen,
Uncertainty Avoidance
This uncertainty culture is tolerant of unpredictable and uncontrollable situations. It usually maintain few rules as possible and allows for the spontaneity of responses to situations.
Low-uncertainty avoidance culture
This uncertainty avoidance values precision and always attempts to anticipate risks to possibly reduce them.
High-uncertainty avoidance culture
The fifth cultural dimension to be considered when communicating is the extent to the how the equality or inequality of power is expected or accepted.
Power distance
This power distance culture recognizes that unequal distribution of power is normal. This type of culture is evident in countries in the Middle East, and in Malaysia, Guatemala, Venezuela. and Singapore.
High-power distance culture
This power distance culture values equal distribution of power, This is observed in the cultures of Austria, Finland, Denmark, Norway, and USA. Though power exists, people from these culture value democracy and egalitarian behavior.
Low-power distance culture
The sixth cultural dimension pertains to?
Gender-masculinity or feminity
This cultural dimension advocates for strict adherence to conventional gender roles and behaviors. In this culture, masculine roles are more valued than feminine roles.
Masculine culture
This cultural dimension are based on the premise that men and women assume varieties of roles and thus, are both valued regardless of their sex and gender.
Feminine culture
The seventh or last cultural dimension refers to how patience is valued in waiting for the outcomes of actions.
Long-term or short-term orientation
This cultural dimension is characterized by being very performance-driven. It emphasized quick results, fulfillment of social obligations, and efficient revenue generation. Therefore, it values rewards in the here and now.
Short-term orientation
This cultural dimension is more laid back that it has more patience in waiting for the outcomes of an action. It values perseverance towards the achievement of goals.
Long-term orientation
