Lesson 2-Phrases, Sentences

Question 1

Instrumental Case

Answer 1

is generally translated using the
preposition with/by

Question 2

puriso hatthena pattaṃ gaṇhāti

Answer 2

“The man holds the bowl with the hand”

Question 3

buddhena desito dhammo

Answer 3

“The Dhamma [is/was/has been] taught by the Buddha”

Question 4

puriso samaṇena saddhiṃ gacchati

Answer 4

“the man goes with the man”

Question 5

puriso lobhena dānaṃ na deti

Answer 5

“The man, due to greed, does not give a gift” (“Because of greed, the man is not generous”)

Question 6

tena samayena … [time]

Answer 6

“On that occasion…”

Question 7

yena [noun in the nominative] tena upasaṅkamati [place]

Answer 7

“where [that person/that thing is], there he/she approaches”

Question 8

dhammo buddhena desito

Answer 8

“The Dhamma [is/has been] taught by the Buddha”

Question 9

buddho dhammaṃ deseti

Answer 9

The Buddha teaches the Dhamma.

Question 10

evaṃ me sutaṃ

Answer 10

Thus, by me, heard.

Question 11

evaṃ puriso kammaṃ karoti

Answer 11

The man performs an action in this manner.

Question 12

evaṃ puriso vadati

Answer 12

“Thus the man speaks”

Question 13

evaṃ, bhante

Answer 13

“Yes, venerable Sir”

Question 14

sammāsambuddho tattha uppanno

Answer 14

“The Perfectly and Completely Awakened One [has] arisen there”

Question 15

samaṇo hatthena cīvaraṃ gaṇhāti

Answer 15

“The ascetic holds the robe with the hand”

Question 16

buddho brāhmaṇehi saddhiṃ gāmaṃ gacchati

Answer 16

“The Buddha goes to the village with the
brahmins”

Question 17

samaṇā brāhmaṇehi saha Rājagahaṃ gacchanti

Answer 17

“The ascetics go to Rājagaha with the brahmins”

Question 18

puriso ñāṇena pañhaṃ vissajjati

Answer 18

“The man answers the question with knowledge”

Question 19

Kassapo buddho hoti

Answer 19

“Kassapa is a buddha”

Question 20

evaṃ purisā dānāni denti

Answer 20

“Thus men give gifts”

Question 21

buddho cittaṃ jānāti ca dameti ca

Answer 21

“The Buddha both knows and tames the mind”

Question 22

purisā hatthehi dānāni denti

Answer 22

“Men give gifts with the hands”

Question 23

cittāni aniccāni honti

Answer 23

“Thoughts/minds are impermanent”

Question 24

bhojanaṃ paṇītaṃ na hoti

Answer 24

“The food is not excellent”

Question 25

puriso bhojanena jīvati

Answer 25

“The man lives with/by means of food”

Question 26

puriso dosena lobhena ca purisaṃ haññati

Answer 26

“A man hurts a man due to hatred and greed”

Question 27

buddho cittena lokaṃ jānāti

Answer 27

“The Buddha knows the world with the mind”

Question 28

buddhā cittehi lokaṃ jānanti

Answer 28

“The buddhas know the world with the minds”

Question 29

buddhehi cittehi loko ñāto

Answer 29

“The world is known by the buddhas with the minds”

Question 30

buddhena cittena loko ñāto

Answer 30

“The world is known by the Buddha with the mind”

Question 31

dhammo buddhena desito

Answer 31

“The Dhamma has been taught by the Buddha”

Question 32

evaṃ buddhena lokā ñātā

Answer 32

“Thus worlds are known by the Buddha”

Question 33

dhammo purisena suto

Answer 33

“The Dhamma has been heard by the man”

Question 34

dhammo samaṇena ñāto

Answer 34

“The Dhamma is known by the ascetic”

Question 35

kusalaṃ brāhmaṇena kataṃ

Answer 35

“A wholesome deed is done by the brahmin”

Question 36

puññaṃ purisehi laddhaṃ

Answer 36

“Merit is obtained by men”

Question 37

dānaṃ purisena dinnaṃ

Answer 37

“The gift is given by the man”

Question 38

pañho Ānandena puṭṭho

Answer 38

“The question has been asked by Ānanda”