Lesson 2 and 3 Flashcards
In general, is defined as a group of people living together in organized communities, following common-laws, values, customs, and traditions.
Society
The term was first used in mid-16th century, originating from the Latin words _ which mean “companion”
socius and societas
The term was first used in mid-16th century, originating from the Latin words socius and societas which mean _
Companion
From French term _ meaning “companionship”
societe
From French term societe meaning _
companioship
Great Britain’s former prime Minister _ gave this popular statement: There is no such thing as society, there are individual men and women, and there are families.”
Margaret Thatcher
Thatcher promoted _ which states that all values, rights, and duties come from each individual.
Individualism
What do traditional societies prioritize according to the study material?
Collectivism
American sociologist _ and _ 1964 defined an institution as an organized system of social relationships that represent a society’s common values and procedures.
Paul Horton and Chester Hunt
What are the six generally recognized institutions in every society?
Family, Education, Economy, Government, Media, and Religion
The bedrock or foundation of society.
Family
Preserves and transfers cultural knowledge and identity.
Education
Responsible for production and allocation of resources.
Economy
States policy and enforces law.
Government
Circulates vital information among members of society.
Media
Explains the meaning, origin, and purpose of life.
Religion
Who stated that culture refers to an organization of phenomena that is dependent upon symbols and includes acts ?
Leslie A. White
Defined culture by English anthropologist stated is a complex whole that encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws norms, artifacts, symbols, and knowledge.
Edward Burnett Tylor
American Anthropologist describes culture as a system of ideas, feelings, and survival strategies shared in a particular group. Also the structure that unifies a human group and gives it an identity as a society.
Richley Crapo
According to him, there are elements of culture. He includes what we think, how we act, and what we own.
Macionis
Enumerate elements of culture
Symbols, Language, Values, Norms, and Objects of culture
American Anthropologist _ 1949 has pointed out, what differentiates humans from animals is their ability to communicate, use complex system of symbols, store knowledge, and transmit them to the next generations.
George Murdock
Defined as a modified culture within a larger culture practiced by society.
Subculture
This emphasizes the conflict between the two cultures.
Counterculture
Most popular counterculture was the_ in the 1960s
Hippie movement
He defined culture as to how people describe their way to life.
Crapo
It refers to the actual behavior of people in society.
Real Culture
It is a society’s standard of acceptable behavior
Norms
Sociologist use the word _ instead of custom to underscore the idea that these are the accepted behavior of the folks or the members of the society
Folkways
The term _, from which mores was coined, is a Latin word that means “custom”.
mos
The term mos, from which mores was coined, is a Latin word that means _.
custom
Are the custom or folkways a society needs to adhere to strictly.
Mores
He defined beliefs as to how people make sense to their experiences or ideas that people hold to be true, factual, and real.
Richley Crapo
Classified either as scientific or nonscientific.
Belief
According to her, symbols are illustrations used to represent a particular meaning of something.
Elizabeth Lawley
It may be anything that is used to represent, express, and/or stand for an event, situation, person, or idea.
Symbols
It is defined as the system of symbols that individuals utilize to communicate, interact, and share their views, thus, creating an understanding among individual.
Language
In his book, Sociologist: A Down-to-Earth Approach(1992), regards language as the primary way by which people communicate with one another.
James Henlin
American linguists _ believe that language is used not only to articulate thinking and perception, but language itself can shape reality as understood by a group of individuals.
Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf
The premise is widely known as the _, which was developed in the 1930s.
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
The premise is widely known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, which was developed in the 1930s. Whorf, however called it the _
Principle of linguistic relativity
Psychologist studied Value Hierarchies across Cultures: Taking a Similarities Perspective (2001), defined values as desirable, transituational goals that vary in importance and serve as guiding principles in people’s lives
Shalom Schwartz and Anat Bardi
Defined values as guidelines for social living fall in consonance with sociologist _
Wendy Griswold’s
Help shape society by suggesting what is good and bad, beautiful and ugly, sought or avoided.
Values
It defined as an organized system of social relationships which embodies certain common values and procedures.
Social Institutions
