Lesson: 1a Ebook

Question 1

inability of the heart to maintain adequate circulation

Answer 1

Heart failure

Question 2

heart failure occurs when?

Answer 2

when blood returning to the heart cannot be pumped out at a rate sufficient to meet the metabolic demand of the body

Question 3

refers to sudden significant loss of cardiac function

Answer 3

acute heart failure

Question 4

what are the causes of heart failure?

Answer 4

1. Myocardial necrosis
2. Infarction
3. lesions that interrupt the conduction pathways
4. Myocarditis
5. Tamponade
6. Cardiomyopathy

Question 5

what condition is associated w/ regurgitation blood flow in the heart?

Answer 5

Shunted blood flows from congenital defects

Question 6

Cardiac tamponade & massive internal hemorrhage are consequences of?

Answer 6

valvular stenosis

Question 7

what is the common cause of cardiomyopathy in cat?

Answer 7

Taurine deficiency

Question 8

this tumor can affect not only the heart but all other vital organs such as, lungs, brain, liver, spleen, kidneys, bone marrow

Answer 8

Cardiac hamngiosarcoma

Question 9

what are the common cause of Right sided heart failure in congenital abnormalities?

Answer 9

Tricuspid valve insufficiency

Question 10

what is the cause of pressure overload on the heart?

Answer 10

Pulmonary embolism

Question 11

what is the common consequence of ventricular septal defect?

Answer 11

right atrial dilation

Question 12

what is the characteristics feature of aortic & subaortic stenosis?

Answer 12

Subvalvular lesions

Question 13

Left congestive cardiac failure can be caused by?

Answer 13

Aortic valve stenosis

Question 14

what is the pathology that characterize the left congestive heart failure?

Answer 14

Right sided heart failure due to back pressure on pulmonary arterial circulation

Question 15

what is the other name for valvular fibrosis & myxomatous or mucoid degeneration ?

Answer 15

Valvular fibroelastosis

Question 16

In left congestive cardiac failure, what leads to peripheral circulatory failure, (hypovolemic shock)

Answer 16

hemosiderosis of lungs

Question 17

lymph fluid passes through this channels to other tissues.

Answer 17

1. afferent lympahtic vessels
2. efferent lymphatic vessels
3. medullary sinuses

Question 18

what is the consequence of increased permeability of renal collecting ducts, mediated by arginine vasopressin in the context of fluid retention?

Answer 18

facilitation of blood & interestitial fluid volume expansion

Question 19

what happen if compensatory mechanism persist & lead to volume overload?

Answer 19

Development of congestive heart faiulre & edema

Question 20

in chronic heart failure, what might be common symptom?

Answer 20

exercise intolerance

Question 21

what is the consequence of acute heart failure in most extreme form?

Answer 21

collapse & sudden death

Question 22

what term is used when the compensatory mechanism leads to an excessive accumulation of fluid, resulting in tissue swelling.

Answer 22

Congestive heart failure & edema

Question 23

In circulatory failure, what could sudden & severe drops in cardiac output is less severe?

Answer 23

Compensatory mechanism

Question 24

what clinical signs may be observed if the change in cardiac output is less severe

Answer 24

alleviation of signs or exercise intolerance

Question 25

when compensatory mechanism are activated in response to a drop in cardiac output, what may results?

Answer 25

volume overload & congestive heart failure

Question 26

In acute heart failure, which of the ff is likely to occur in it’s most extreme form?

Answer 26

collapse

Question 27

what is the primary determinant of cardiac output ?

Answer 27

stroke volume & heart rate

Question 28

what is the charcteristic feature of valvular endocardiosis in dogs?

Answer 28

Most common causes of congestive heart failure in old dogs