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GEOL-1403 > Lesson 19: Renewable Energy Resources > Flashcards

Lesson 19: Renewable Energy Resources Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the original energy of biomass and fossil fuels come from?

A

Photosynthesis

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2
Q

Where does the original energy from nuclear energy come from?

A

Nuclear fission

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3
Q

Where does the original energy from hydrogen fuel cells come from?

A

Chemical reactions

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4
Q

Where does the original energy from solar energy come from?

A

The sun

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5
Q

Where does the original tidal energy come from?

A

Gravity

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6
Q

Where does the original wind energy and hydro-power come from?

A

Both solar energy and gravity

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7
Q

Where does geothermal energy originally come from?

A

The Earth’s internal heat

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8
Q

How are renewable energy resources used in the US?

A

Only 20% used for electricity in 2021

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9
Q

What are the pros (1) and cons (7) of wind energy?

A

Pros: Renewable
Cons:
- Variability (only when wind blows)
- Aesthetics
- Shadow Flicker
- Sound
- Biological Resource Impacts
- Construction
- Disposal (landfills - will never break down)

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10
Q

What is the potential for wind energy in the US?

A

Wind energy is only possible in areas with plenty of wind resources

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11
Q

What are the pros (4) and cons (4) of hydropower?

A

Pros:
- uses water that is not reduced or used up in the process
- Clean
- Renewable
- Reservoirs can provide irrigation water, flood control, and recreation
Cons:
- Dams have finite lifetimes
- Limited sites to construct dams
- Flooding whatever is upstream (destroy ecosystems)
- Reservoirs trap sediment and nutrients

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12
Q

What is the potential for hydropower in the US?

A

Most generation capacity is in the west

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13
Q

What are the pros (3) and cons(3) of solar energy?

A

Pros:
- Clean
- Environmentally Friendly
- Abundant
Cons:
- Inefficient
- Variable amounts
- Need of a large surface area to absorb/collect a useful amount of energy

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14
Q

Compare passive vs active solar collectors.

A

Passive solar collectors: designed and oriented to collect, store, and distribute heat energy from sunlight to the occupants without the use of electronic/moving parts.

Active solar collectors: use mechanical/electrical devices that convert the Sun’s heat/light to another form of usable energy

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15
Q

What are the common biomasses? (4)

A
  1. Wood
  2. Crops
  3. Manure
  4. Garbage
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16
Q

What are the sources of biofuel?

A
  1. Corn
  2. Wheat
  3. Soybeans
  4. Sugarcane
17
Q

What is the most common biofuel?

A

ethanol

18
Q

What plate boundaries are suitable for geothermal use?

A

Divergent plate boundaries and subduction zones.

19
Q

What is the main limitation of geothermal power globally?

A

Few cities lie near geothermal resources

20
Q

What is the potential for geothermal energy in the US?

A

Only in the West near the Ring of Fire

21
Q

How does tidal energy work?

A

By constructing a dam across the mouth of a bay or estuary in a coastal area

The narrow opening between the bay and the open ocean magnifies variations in water level that occur as the tides rise and fall.

22
Q

In 2021, which renewable energy source claimed the top spot in terms of billion kWh generated?

A

Wind

23
Q

When it comes to wind electricity generation in the US (2001-2018), which state comes out on top?

A

Texas

24
Q

Most US hydroelectricity generation capacity is in the ___.

A

West

25
Q

If you are building a home with a passive solar design, the aperture/collectors (the windows) should face within 30 degrees of true ____.

A

South

26
Q

Locations in ____ latitudes and in ____ climates generally receive higher amounts of insolcation (solar energy) than any other locations.

A

lower; arid

27
Q

Currently, ___ is the main crop used to make biofuels.

A

Corn

28
Q

The most commonly used biofuel is ____, a type of alcohol.

A

Ethanol

29
Q

US geothermal power plants are concentrated in the ______.

A

West

30
Q

If you wanted to build a geothermal power plant, what type of plate boundary would you avoid?

A

Transform

31
Q

What is the main problem with the use of geothermal energy on a global basis?

A

Few cities lie near geothermal resources.

GEOL-1403 (26 decks)

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