Exam: 4 Practice Flashcards
Where are the only present-day continental ice sheets?
a. Greenland and Iceland
b. Iceland and Antarctica
c. Greenland and Antarctica
d. Antarctica and Northern Canada
c. Greenland and Antarctica
Where is the world’s largest ice sheet located today?
a. Greenland
b. Russia, Siberia
c. Iceland
d. Antarctica
d. Antarctica
The process by which a glacier lifts blocks of rock and incorporates them into the ice is called ____.
a. picking
b. plucking
c. abrasion
d. striation
b. plucking
Which type of glacier forms at high altitudes?
a. Continental glaciers
b. Ice sheets
c. Alpine glaciers
d. Ice caps
c. Alpine glaciers
What is an end moraine?
a. Accumulation of debris at the side of a glacier
b. Rocks carried by meltwater streams
c. Debris at the terminus of a glacier
d. Flattened landforms left by glaciers
c. Debris at the terminus of a glacier
What is albedo?
a. The ability of the surface to absorb sunlight
b. The percentage of sunlight reflected by a surface
c. The melting of ice due to global warming
d. A type of glacier movement
b. The percentage of sunlight reflected by a surface
Sunlight reflectance ability (Albedo) of glaciers/ice is ___.
a. High
b. Low
c. Average
a. High
What is the role of CO2 in ice ages?
a. It melts glaciers rapidly
b. It controls glacial movement
c. Lower levels are linked to colder glacial periods
d. Higher levels lead to cooler temperatures
c. Lower levels are linked to colder glacial periods
(T/F) Ice ages typically develop slowly and end abruptly
True
Arid regions get ____ mm of rain each year.
a. less than 100
b. less than 250
c. more than 250
d. less than 500
e. more than 500
b. less than 250
The world’s largest desert is the ____ of North Africa.
a. Mojave
b. Thar
c. Sahara
d. Sonoran
e. Atacama
c. Sahara
The Trade wind deserts lie between ____ degrees north and south of the equator.
a. 0-10
b. 10-20
c. 20-30
d. 30-40
e. 40-50
c. 20-30
Ephemeral streams are also called
a. washes
b. wadis
c. arroyos
d. nullahs
e. all of these
e. all of these
___ does most of the erosional work in deserts.
a. wind
b. running water
c. tectonic activity
d. gravity
b. running water
As air rises over mountain ranges, water is precipitated, losing its moisture content. As a result, a desert is formed in the _____ “shadow” of the range
a. Windward
b. Leeward
b. Leeward
Earth’s driest desert of the Atacama Desert of South America, is a ____ desert.
a. trade wind
b. mid latitude
c. rain shadow
d. coastal
e. monsoon
d. coastal.
Polar deserts are areas with annual precipitation of less than 250 mm and a mean temperature during the warmest month of _______ degrees C.
a. less than -10
b. less than -5
c. 0
d. less than 5
e. less than 10
e. less than 10
The suspended load of wind consists mostly of ____-sized particles.
a. Clay
b. Silt
c. Sand
d. Gravel
b. Silt
____ is the lifting and removal of loose material by the wind.
a. deflation
b. desiccation
c. desertification
d. dolomitization
a. deflation
What is the desert feature in figure 1?
a. Desert pavement
b. Ventifact
c. Yardang
d. Arroyo
a. Desert pavement
What are the desert features in figure 2?
a. Desert pavement
b. Ventifact
c. Yardang
d. Arroyo
c. Yardang
What type of dune is shown in figure 3?
a. barchan
b. transverse
c. star
d. parabolic
e. longitudinal
b. transverse
Which of the following areas would have the lowest ocean salinity because precipitation exceeds evaporation?
a. mid-latitude oceans
b. restricted areas like the Mediterranean or Gulf of Mexico
c. low latitudes near the equator
d. high latitudes near poles
c. low latitudes near the equator
The greatest ocean depth (11,035 m) is found in the ____.
a. Java Trench
b. Philippine Trench
c. Mariana Trench
d. Tonga Trench
e. California Trench
c. Mariana Trench
Trenches are found at which plate tectonic setting?
a. Convergent
b. Divergent
c. Transform
a. Convergent
The ____ is the edge of a continent that lies under the ocean comprised of continental crust.
a. Continental rise
b. Continental shelf
c. Coastal plain
d. Shoreline
e. Abyssal plain
b. Continental Shelf
Why don’t we have carbonate reefs on the Texas coast?
a. Water is too cold
b. Water is too warm
c. Water is too deep
d. Water is too shallow
e. Water is too dirty
e. water is too dirty
What type of reef is shown in figure 4?
a. Atoll
b. Barrier Reef
c. Fringing Reef
d. Patch Reef
c. Fringing Reef
What type of reef is shown in figure 5?
a. Atoll
b. Barrier Reef
c. Fringing Reef
d. Patch reef
a. Atoll
What type of feature is shown in figure 6?
a. Submarine fan
b. Submarine river
c. Submarine canyon
d. Submarine estuary
c. Submarine canyon
What is the origin of terrigenous sediment?
a. Outer space
b. Precipitated from water
c. Ejected from volcanoes
d. Land
e. Marine life
d. Land
_____ are the deposits of sediment gravity flows in which turbulence is the dominant mechanism for grain support
a. Tektites
b. Turbulences
c. Turbidites
d. Troubadours
c. Turbidites
____ are the largest detrital (sediment) accumulations on Earth.
a. Deltas
b. Submarine fans
c. Submarine canyons
d. Atolls
e. Estuaries
b. Submarine fans
Which of the following does not contribute to biogenic ooze?
a. Foraminifera
b. Coccolithophores
c. Radiolaria
c. Diatoms
e. T-Rex
e. T-Rex
What is the feature in Figure 7?
a. Black smoker
b. White smoker
c. Underwater geyser
d. Underwater avalanche
b. White smoker
Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel?
a. Crude oil
b. Uranium
c. Natural gas
d. Coal
b. Uranium
Crude oil and natural gas are ______.
a. vitally important to our way of life
b. hydro carbons
c. used to make many products like aircraft and vitamin capsules
d. found by geologists
e. all of the above
e. all of the above
Which country has the greatest proven reserves of crude oil?
a. Venezuela
b. Saudi Arabia
c. Canada
d. Iran
e. Iraq
a. Venezuela
Petroleum (crude oil and natural generation depends on three main factors; which of the following is NOT one of those?
a. presence of organic matter rich enough to yield hydrocarbons
b. adequate temperature
c. sufficient time to bring the source rock to maturity.
d. hydraulic fracturing (fracking)
d. hydraulic fracturing (fracking)
In some regions, significant amounts of oil/natural gas are trapped in shale, sandstones, and limestones with low _____, so the rocks are shattered (fracking) to release the oil/gas.
a. Self-esteem
b. Porosity
c. Permeability
c. Permeability
____ is the biggest source of renewable energy in the US.
a. Wind
b. Wood
c. Hydropower
d. Geothermal
e. Solar
a. Wind
Which of these is NOT a type of biomass?
a. wood
b. crops
c. manure
d. garbage
e. Uranium 235
e. Uranium 235
Globally, the number of wind turbines available for wind energy is ____.
a. Increasing
b. Decreasing
c. Constant
a. Increasing
The total amount of raw materials out there, including those that could be extracted if the price were high enough, legislation allowed, or technological advancements made it feasible are called ____.
a. raw materials
b. energies
c. reserves
d. resources
d. resources
Fossil fuels are an example of ____.
a. renewable resources
b. non-renewable resources
c. nuclear resources
d. clean resources
b. non-renewable resources
Where does the energy in fossil fuels come from?
a. photosynthesis
b. nuclear fission
c. solar energy
d. gravity
a. photosynthesis
Which of the following is an example of renewable energy?
a. natural gas
b. coal
c. uranium
d. hydroelectric
d. hydroelectric
The movement of hydrocarbons from source rocks into reservoir rocks is known as
a. source rocks
b. migration
c. trapping
d. seal
b. migration
Sandstone with sufficient porosity and permeability will make a good ___.
a. source rock
b. seal
c. trap
d. reservoir
d. reservoir
____ is the primary fuel used in power plants to generate electricity in the US.
a. natural gas
b. coal
c. uranium 235
d. wood
e. biodiesel
a. natural gas
Which of the following is the lowest-grade coal?
a. Anthracite
b. Lignite
c. Sub-bituminous
d. Bituminous
b. Lignite
What is the source of energy in nuclear power plants?
a. chemical reactions
b. photosynthesis
c. nuclear fission
d. solar energy
e. hydroelectric power
c. nuclear fission
The world’s largest hydroelectric plant is ____.
a. Hoover Dam
b. Grand Coulee Dam
c. Three Gorges Dam
c. Three Gorges Dam
Which part of the US has the highest hydroelectricity generation capacity/potential?
a. East
b. West
c. The Great Plains
d. Midwest
b. West
