Lesson 11a - International Migration in the UK (Colonial) Flashcards
What are the 2 main international factors that have affected the UK?
Post colonial + WWII migration
Post 1990 flows + EU
What caused a sudden increase in post colonial migration to the UK?
Labour shortage following WW2
Need to rebuild economy
How did the government contribute to these flows?
Encouraged migration from former colonies
Because existent flows of Europeans were insignificant
Which significant act was passed in 1948?
British Nationality Act
Commonwealth citizens granted free UK access
What was the first migrant ship and when + where did it dock?
Empire Windrush
June 1948, Tilbury, Essex
Which 2 regions were responsible for the largest volume of migrants during the 50s + 60s?
West Indies
Indian Subcontinent
How many non-white residents was there in the UK by 1970?
1.4 million
How did the government respond to large increases in migration?
Gave migrants right to settle
Sponsored migrants to fill particular job vacancies (E.g., NHS)
Describe the trends of early UK migrant labour
Poorly paid work on public transport (Bus, Tube etc)
Enterprising sub-continental migrants acquired shops + restaurants
What purpose did the 1962 and 68 Commonwealth Immigration Acts serve?
Imposed new restrictions + slowed down movements
Where did the first Commonwealth immigrants tend to settle?
London, Birmingham, Manchester
Job opportunities
Describe the residential problem faced by Commonwealth immigrants which is still observable today
Poorly paid jobs
Only able to afford low quality inner city housing
Tough cycle to break
