Lesson 1.1: Intro to Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
(80 cards)
the study of the form and structure of the animal body and the relationships among its parts
Anatomy
the study of how the body functions
Physiology
the study of cells and tissues that require a microscope to see
Microscopic Anatomy
various sections that an animal’s body is divided into
Planes of Reference
Which planes divide the body into left and right halves but are not always equal?
Sagittal Planes
divides the animal down the center into equal left and right halves
Median Plane
What plane divides the body into 2 sections, one containing the head and the other the tail?
Transverse Plane
perpendicular to the Median Plane, divides the body into 2 parts containing the stomach and the back
Dorsal Plane
closer to the head
Cranial
closer to the back and spine
Dorsal
away from the middle or median plane
Lateral
towards the surface
Superficial
when a body part is closer to the main portion of the body
Proximal
when a body part is farther from the main portion of the body
Distal
the surface that touches the ground in back/lower limbs
Plantar
surface that touches the ground on the front/upper limbs
Palmer
the balance in the distribution of body parts
Symmetry
an organism’s left and right halves that are mirror images of each other
Bilateral Symmetry
axis of symmetry is around a central point
Radial Symmetry
contains the central nervous system and is subdivided into a cranial cavity and spinal cavity
Dorsal Body Cavity
formed from the bones of the skull and contains the brain
Cranial Cavity
formed from the vertebrae and contains the spinal cord
Spinal Cavity
also subdivided into two compartments, the thorax and the abdomen
Ventral Body Cavity
contains the heart, lungs, esophagus, and major blood vessels
Thoracic Cavity