1.4: Living Communites Flashcards
consists of sheets of cells that cover all of the internal and external surfaces of the body and line all of the body’s cavities
Epithelial tissue
Protection (covering, lining), filtration (biochemical substances), absorption (nutrients), sensation (sensory input), secretion, excretion
What are the 6 functions of epithelial tissue?
prevent substances from leaking across the tissue
Tight junctions
cement neighboring cells together
Desmosomes
open channels between the cytoplasm of adjoining cells
Gap junctions
irregular surfaces that are covered with many fingerlike projections in epithelial cells
Microvilli
specialized surface projections, hair like projections that are common on epithelial cells in the respiratory and urogenital tracts
Cilia
single layer of epithelial cells
Simple epithelium
multiple layers of epithelial cells
Stratified epithelium
majority of the glands present in most animals
multicellular exocrine glands
glands that secrete their products directly into the blood and lymph vessels.
Endocrine glands
function to bind and support the organism and its body systems
Connective tissues
contains blood supply
Vascularized
ground substance, extracellular fibers, cells
What 3 components are connective tissues made up of?
can be liquid, gel, or solid, protects the cells found in the tissue, is the medium for which nutrients and waste are exchanged with the bloodstream, and can act as a barrier against invading microorganisms, made up of glycoproteins called glycosaminoglycans
Ground substance
line the organs of the reproductive, urinary, and respiratory tract systems.
Mucous membranes
Mucous, serous, cutaneous, synovial
What are the 4 most common types of membranes?
line the organs within the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities
Serous membranes
line the joint cavities and are composed only of loose connective and adipose tissue
Synovial membranes
consists of specialized cells that can shorten to produce movement when stimulated
Muscle tissue
Smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
composes the walls of the digestive tract
Smooth muscle
attaches to bones and is under voluntary control
Skeletal muscle
unique to the heart and allows for the contraction and relaxation of heart tissue that provides for the flow of blood through an organism
Cardiac muscle
contains specialized cells that have the ability to conduct electrical impulses
Nervous tissue
widening of the blood vessels
Vasodilation
composed of collagen fibers permeated with many capillaries.
Granulation tissue
