Lesson 11: Cerebrum Flashcards
What connects Wernicke to Broca?
Arcuate fibres
What connects the frontal lobe to the temporal lobe?
Uncinate fasciculus
What connects the frontal lobe with the occipital and temporal?
Longitudinal fasciculus
What supplies the internal capsule? What happens with a stroke to these branches?
The middle cerebral artery’s striate branches.
Upper and lower body hemiparesis
What part of the frontal lobe is responsible for executive functioning, and what part is responsible for goals and reward?
EF: anterolateral
Reward: inferior frontal lobe
What is the role of Brodmann’s 6?
Premotor cortex - timing and smoothness of motor skills
What is the role of Brodmann’s 4?
Initiation of voluntary movements with precise and skilled movements
What is the role of the secondary motor area? Where is it located?
4
Initiation of movements and speech
What is affected in a lesion to the angular/supramarginal gyrus?
Writing, reading and calculation difficulties
What is affected in a lesion in the non-dominant hemisphere?
Profound neglect / anosognosia
What is Brodmann’s 40?
The supramarginal gyrus
Where is the primary auditory cortex?
41 and 42
Where is the secondary auditory cortex?
Anterior 22
Where is language association cortex?
Posterior 22 & 39
Where is Broca’s area?
44 and 45
What are the 5 components of motor speech?
Muscle tone, strength, ROM, coordination and motor planning
What occurs with damage to speech generation components?
Dysarthria
What happens if the muscles of speech cannot properly coordinate?
Cannot complete task - even with ROM and strength
What is ROM?
Range of motion
What is apraxia?
Disorder affecting motor planning
What are two responsibilities of the non-dominant hemisphere?
Body awareness and proprioception
What is impaired in Broca’s?
Speech, naming, repetition
Possibly: reading, writing
What is impaired in Wernicke’s damage?
Comprehension, naming, repetition, reading, writing
What is impaired in global aphasia? How does it occur?
Speech, naming, comprehension, repetition, reading, writing (everything)
Complete blockage of the MCA
What is impaired in conduct aphasia?
Repetition
Possibly: naming, reading, writing
What is impaired in anomia?
Pauses in speech, NAMING
What are the three main causes of blockages in blood vessels?
Occlusive plaque, thrombosis, and embolisms
What is the main cause of hemorrhaging?
Weakened and subsequently ruptured vessel walls
What irrigates the thalamus?
PCA
Difficulty swallowing is called
Dysphagia
