Lesson 11 C1700 - C1900

Question 1

There were brand new crimes against …. but a great deal of change in the way these crimes were committed, What did this lead to??
Another change was …, which rose dramatically. This was due to rise in crimes against —–

Answer 1

person and property
changes in the law
crime rate, property

Question 2

What crimes had an increase??

Answer 2

• The period C1700 - 1850 saw rise is crime such as street theft, burglary; drunk and disorderly behaviour; prostitutions and public disorder

Question 3

Factors causing increased crimes

Answer 3

• people travelling more and moving into towns meant that fewer people knew each other = communities less tight knit
• Larger towns that made escaping being caught easier
• Some criminals became professionals within dens or gang of thieves
• extreme poverty that led to a rise in ‘survival’ crimes such as stealing food

Question 4

Changes in highway robbery - crime against person
When did it increase and why

Answer 4

In 18th century because :
- improved roads led to more people travelling
- Increased trade between towns meant more good and money were transported by roads
- many roads were isolated, making it easier to get away with highway robberies

Question 5

What was does to reduce highway robbery, Was it affective?

Answer 5

In 1772, it became a capital crime to be armed and in disguise on high road
mounted patrol on major roads and the growth of railway helped reduce highway robbery.
Completely disappeared in 1830s

Question 6

Changes in poaching - A crime against person
When did poaching increase, what did it lead to?
How did people view it?

Answer 6

• in the 18th century, with poaching gangs that worked on a large scale.

This led to 1723 Waltham Black Act, which made poaching a capital crime and also illegal to carry snares or own hunting dogs in a poaching area

• people saw it as unfair

Question 7

Laws making poaching ND highway robbery capital crimes were part of …

Answer 7

the bloody code

Question 8

Changes in smuggling - a crime against property
When did it increase? why? What did it lead to ? What was done to reduce it? Was it effective?

Answer 8

• 1740 - 1850
• because tax on imported goods was so high so smugglers made large profit by bringing these good into the country w/o paying importation tax and selling them.
• large gangs of smugglers such as the Hawkhurst gang, which smuggles large volumes of goods
• Mounted custom officers tried to prosecute smugglers -> difficult because of the large areas of coast to patrol
• Taxes were cut in 1840s and smuggling decreased

Question 9

Attitudes towards smugglers

Answer 9

• Many people thought smugglers were heroes who bought them cheap goods ND thought the government were unreasonable

Lots of people were involved in the process of smuggling
- smugglers
- those trading with smugglers
- those who bought from smugglers
- those who gave smugglers alibies