Lesson 10

Question 1

The larger a cell becomes there is a

Answer 1

greater demand on the DNA, DNA does not grow, and Information deficit is created.

Question 2

As a cell becomes larger the

Answer 2

1 volume increases faster than the surface area
2. A cell’s volume cannot exceed its cell membrane (surface area).
3. A larger cell carries out more activities.
4. If it becomes too large the cell membrane can not get rid of wastes or bring in enough materials like food.

Question 3

Cell Division solves the problem of

Answer 3

getting too big because the cell divides into two daughter cells.

Question 4

The cell copies

Answer 4

all DNA so each cell has the exact same amount of original DNA.

Question 5

The cell splits

Answer 5

in half solving the surface area and volume problem.

Question 6

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 6

It is reproduction without the fusion of reproductive cells.
The offspring is genetically identical to the single parent.
No exchange of DNA information so no genetic diversity.

Question 7

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 7

It is reproduction with the fusion of reproductive cells.
Offspring inherit half of their information from each parent.
Provides genetic diversity for the continuation of a species.

Question 8

During the cell cycle the cell

Answer 8

grows, prepares to divide and divides into two daughter cells

Question 9

Prokaryotes

Answer 9

They use binary fission.

Question 10

Interphase has ______ phases and then is followed by ________.

Answer 10

three,cell division

Question 11

G1 Phase:

Answer 11

Cell Growth
Cells increase in size.
Cells make new proteins and organelles.
Centrioles are duplicated.
Intense growth and activity.

Question 12

S Phase:

Answer 12

DNA Replication
New DNA is synthesized when the chromosomes replicate.
Cells contain twice as much DNA as the beginning of S phase.
This ensures that each daughter cell will get a complete set. Parent =12, daughter cell=12

Question 13

G2 Phase:

Answer 13

Preparing for Cell Division (Mitosis)
Shortest phase.
Organelles and molecules needed for division are created.

Question 14

M Phase:

Answer 14

Cell Division
This is the process of mitosis.
Mitosis
Cytokinesis

Question 15

Mitosis-

Answer 15

divides the nucleus

Question 16

Cytokinesis-.

Answer 16

Divides the cytoplasm.
Two daughter cells are produced.
Chromosomes are now visible

Question 17

Prophase-

Answer 17

Longest Phase in mitosis
Chromosomes become condensed.
The nuclear membrane breaks down.
Duplicated strands (sister chromatid) attach at the center (centromere.)
The centrioles begin to move to opposite poles and the spindle (microtubules) connect between them.

Question 18

In Prophase the centrioles begin to move to _______ poles and the _________ connect between them.

Answer 18

opposite, spindle (microtubules)

Question 19

Metaphase

Answer 19

The chromatid attach to the middle of the spindle at their centromeres.
Each sister chromatid faces an opposite pole.

Question 20

Anaphase

Answer 20

The spindle helps the sister chromatids separate at the centromere.
Each chromosome moves along the spindle away from each other.
They begin to arrive at separate poles.

Question 21

Telophase

Answer 21

The chromosomes unwind and are no longer visible.
The nuclear membrane reforms around the chromosomes.
The spindle breaks down

Question 22

Stages of Mitosis in order

Answer 22

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

Question 23

Cytokinesis in Animal Cells

Answer 23

The cell membrane is drawn inward.
The cytoplasm is pinched in two equal parts.
Each part contains its own nucleus and organelles and DNA.
The two cells are identical and begin interphase

Question 24

Cytokinesis in Plant Cells

Answer 24

A cell plate forms in between the rigid cell wall.
The cell plate forms a cell membrane that divides the two daughter cells.
A cell wall then forms.