Ch.21 part 2

Question 1

Fungus-

Answer 1

Heterotrophic eukaryotes with cell walls that contain chitin.

Question 2

What does fungus does to digest food

Answer 2

Produce powerful enzymes and release them through their cell walls that digest food outside their bodies.

Question 3

How can Fungus live as parasites

Answer 3

Fungus live as parasites by absorbing the nutrients from the bodies of their hosts.

Question 4

What do Fungus contain in their cell walls and what is it.

Answer 4

Cell walls contain chitin that is a polymer of modified sugars.

Question 5

Mycelium

Answer 5

Tangled mass of branching hyphae below the soil.
Remains below and is not visible.

Question 6

Fruiting Body-

Answer 6

Reproductive structure of a fungus made
of hyphae that grows from the
Mycelium.

Question 7

How do Fungus decompose

Answer 7

By breaking down plants and dead material fungi return nutrients and trace elements that plants remove from the soil.

Question 8

What is the photosynthetic organism in Lichens

Answer 8

The photosynthetic organism is a green algae or a cyanobacteria or both.

Question 9

Why are Lichens important.

Answer 9

They are able to survive in harsh environments and usually are the first organisms to invade a barren environment and help make soil.

Question 10

Mycorrhizae-

Answer 10

Mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a green plant especially at the root.

Question 11

How does the fungus help the tree in a Mycorrhizae

Answer 11

The hyphae extend the root coverage into the soil.

Question 12

What is the makeup of a fungi? (short answer)

Answer 12

A fungi is made up of structures called hyphae, mycelium, and a fruiting body. The hyphae is cells of long branching long filaments. The mycelium is a tangled mass of branching hyphae below the soil. The fruiting body is the structure that grows from the mycelium and is the reproductive structure.

Question 13

Decompostion (short answer)

Answer 13

The number one job of fungi is to decompose plants or other dead material by using their enzymes. This is important because they return nutrients and trace elements to the soil that plants took from the soil by breaking down organic molecules. If fungi did not decompose the organic molecules would remain tied up in organic molecules.

Question 14

mychorrhizae - short answer

Answer 14

This is a mutualistic relationship because both the fungus and plant are benefiting. The fungi extends the roots of the plant through their hyphae that absorb water and nutrients making the plants grow faster and stronger. The fungus gets energy in the form of food from photosynthesis.

Question 15

layers of Lichens

Answer 15

Upper cortex, algal zone, medulla, lower cortex, and Rhizine