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UCSP > Lesson 1 (Q2) > Flashcards

Lesson 1 (Q2) Flashcards

1
Q

The origin and development of modern humans can be explained through study of

A

biological and cultural evolution

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2
Q

are key concepts in the study of the origins of modern humans.

A

Biological and cultural Evolution

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3
Q

refers to the charges, modifications, & variations in the genetics and inherited traits of biological populations.

A

Biological Evolution

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4
Q

Refers to the changes or development in cultures from a simple form to a more complex form of human culture.

A

cultural/sociocultural Evolution

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5
Q

A result of human adaptation to different factors like climatic changes and population increase

A

cultural/sociocultural Evolution

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6
Q

Biological evolution is based on the theory that was introduced by the famous English naturalist and geologist.

A

charles darwin

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7
Q

Because of the result of Charles Darwin’s studies, he introduced the concept of evolution to explain the origins of modern humans in his published work entitled

A

On The Origins of species by Means of natural selection (1859)

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8
Q

Natural selection has 3 important principles

A

1 Variation
2 Heritability
3. Differential reproductive success

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9
Q

-organisms exhibit individual variation in appearance and behavior

A

Variation

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10
Q
  • traits are consistently passed from parents to offspring.
A

Heritability

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11
Q
  • leave mort offspring in the next generation
A

Differential reproductive success

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12
Q

The transformation from apelike ancestors to modern humans occured after million yrs of

A

biological & cultural evolution

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13
Q

In this process of evolution, our apelike ancestors developed and eventually became modern humans

A

biological & cultural evolution

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14
Q

For archeologist, these are important sources of information in the recontruction of human evolution.

A

artifacts and fossils

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15
Q

refer to human, plant, and animals remains to have preserved through time

A

Fossils

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16
Q

refers to the objects that were made and used by humans.

A

Artifacts

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17
Q

General term used by the scientist to categorize the group of early humans and other human- like creatures that can walk erect during the prehistoric times.

A

Hominid

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18
Q

4 categories of hominid based on the age of artifacts and fossils that were found.

A

Sahelanthropus, Ardipethecus, Australopithecus, and Homo

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19
Q

-they are considered as the prehuman stage of evolution.

A

The Australopithecus, Sahelanthropus and Ardipethecus

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20
Q

is part of the human stage of evolution

A

Homo

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21
Q

Their Fossils were all excavated in the African continent

A

Australopithecus, Sahelanthropus and Ardipethecus

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22
Q

The first hominid came from the lineage of

A

Sahelanthropus tchadensis species (6-7 million ago yrs

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23
Q

-It had both apelike and humanlike characteristics

A

Sahelanthropus tchadensis species

24
Q

Characteristics of Sahelanthropus tchadensis species

A

Skull: similar to Autralopithecus & modern human Height: Almost similar to chimpanzee.
Brain Size: 320-380 cc had the ability to walk. upright

25
Q

Orrorin tugenensis (5.7 million yrs ago) and the Ardipethecus family had 2 species

A

Ardipethecus kadabba (5.6 million yrs.)
Ardipethecus Ramidus (4.4 million yrs.)

26
Q

Characteristics of ardipethecus ramidus

A

•6 Height of about 4 feet.
•Weight about 120 pounds.
• Skull size similar to an ape
• Small brain
•Biped
•Lived in the forest

27
Q

Tool users only and not tool makers

A

Australopithecus or southern ape

28
Q

They are food scavengers

A

Australopithecus

29
Q

there are a species of Australopithecus and they are divided into 2 major categories:

A

The gracile and the robust

30
Q

Had small teeth and jaw.

A

Gracile Australopithecus

31
Q

Included in this Gracile Australopithecus are the

A

Australopithecus anamensis Australopithecus afarensis
Australopithecus Africanus

32
Q

Included in Robust Australopithecus

A
  • Australopithecus aethiopics
    -Australopithecus robustus
    -Australopithecus Boisei
33
Q

They had large teeth, jaws, and muscular built

A

Australopithecus Boisei

34
Q

considered as the common ancestor of the Australopithecus species

A

Autralopithecus Afarensis

35
Q

Lucy was discovered ________ in November by paleoanthropologist led by Dr. Donald Johanson

A

Hadar, Ethiopia

36
Q

was considered as one of the modern human’s earliest ancestor and remains as the famous hominid fossil discovered

A

Australopithecus afarensis

37
Q

The Australopithecus is replaced by a more intelligent group of hominids that belongs to a new genus.

A

The Homo

38
Q

were classified as humans and not humanlike creatures because they had bigger brains and were bipedal

A

The Homo

39
Q

According to fossil evidences, they are first lived in Africa

A

Homo

40
Q

The homo species included the

A

Homo habilis
Homo erectus
Homo sapiens

41
Q

Homo habilis made tools called

A

oldowan

42
Q

Handy man

A

Homo habilis

43
Q

was the next species to fluorish, and this species came from Homo erectus.

A

Homo ergaster (18 million yrs ago)

44
Q

are known for making complex tools for digging, cutting, and scraping. Making and using hand axe tools for slicing, chopping and digging and considered as skillful hunters

A

Homo erectus

45
Q

Based on artifacts Excavated, they are the first Homo species to use fire and live in caves and small houses made of tree branches

A

Homo erectus

46
Q

Through use of fire, they were able to live in cold and dark places like caves. It allows them to cook food and meat, to protect them from attacking wild animals.

A

Homo erectus

47
Q

It was also believed that they was the first Homo to use spoken language.

A

Homo erectus

48
Q

was first discovered in Africa. Later, they started to travel outside of the African Continent. They reached as far as Asia and Southern Europe

A

The Homo erectus fossil

49
Q

The first fossil of the Homo Erectus in Asia was found in the .

A

Longgupo Cave in China

50
Q

Became known as the Java Man

A

Trinil, Java, Indonesia

51
Q

Homo erectus skill excavated in Zhoukoudian, China and became known as the

A

Peking Man

52
Q

The last genus in the evolution Ladder of the Homo family and considered as modern humans

A

Homo Sapiens

53
Q

The wise man

A

Homo sapiens

54
Q

The upright man

A

Homo erectus

55
Q

Included in the species are the archaic

A

-Homo Sapiens of Africa
-Homo heidelbergensis
- Homo neanderthalensis
-Homo Sapiens Sapiens

56
Q

is now the first fossil skeleton to be considered as a species of the Homo sapiens

A

Cro-Magnon

UCSP (6 decks)

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