Lesson 1 Flashcards
What are the social Sciences:
Sociology, Anthropology, and Political science
(study of human society)
sociology
deals with the scientific study of human interactions, social groups, institutions, whole societies, and human world as such..
sociology
it focuses on the ubiquity of social forces in likely forms: sex, gender, religion, class, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation.
Sociology
socius means
companion/ally/friend
Logos means
Study
sociology was born in
Europe
sociology was born in Europe during the period of
the Industrial Revolution
-credited to be the father of the discipline for he coined the term sociology.
August comte
Auguste comte’s Sociology has been always associated with
positivism
The school of thought that says that science and its method is the only valid way of knowing things.
Positivism
- the “founding mother” of sociology
Harriet Martineau
contribution of Harriet to comte’s work
translation of Auguste comte’s work from french to English.
other sociologists.
Emile Durkheim
Karl Marx
Max Weber
Pioneer of functionalism in sociology
Emile Durkheim
help define and establish the field of sociology as academic discipline
Contribution of Emile Durkheim
Father scientific socialism
Karl Marx
key concepts in understanding a ruling class system and its sociological effects on individuals and societies.
Contribution of Karl Marx
Marxist Theory
Capitalist stage 2 main classes-
1 Bourgeoisie
2 Ploretariat
- owns the means of the production
Bourgeosie
- working class who sell their own labor power
Ploretariat
-Pioneer of interpretive sociology
Max Weber
expanded the concept of social class, ideas of status, power, and social actions
Contribution of Max weber
What are the 3 components of Max Weber’s theory of social stratification:
class, status, & power
- is the study of the origin and development of human societies and culture.
Anthropology
as a science seeking to uncover principles of behavior that apply to all human communities.
Anthropology
Anthropos means
Man
- often considered as the “father of modern Anthropology” and the “Father of American Anthropology
Franz Boas
He rejected social evolution theory of Darwin, from lower to higher forms of society through historical particularism.
Franz Boas
Franz Boas rejected social evolution theory of Darwin, from lower to higher forms of society through
historical particularism.
Historical particularism is also known as
Cultural relativism
-one of the most influential ethnographers of 20th century.
Bronislaw kasper Malinowski
-is literally the practice of writing about people
Ethnography
Method of social sciences research that requires way the anthropologist to participate & blend w/ way of life
Participant Observation
He coined the theory of structural functionalism.
Alfred Radcliffe-Brown
*Social structures and the functions they perform helps to maintain equilibrium.
Theory of structural functionalism.
Four Branches of Anthropology
- Cultural Anthropology
- Linguistic Anthropology
- Biological / Physical Anthropology
- Archeology Anthropology
studies cultural variation across diff. societies and examines the need to understand each culture in its own context
Cultural Anthropology
Studies language and discourage how they reflect and shape different aspects of human society and culture.
Linguistic Anthropology
the study of the nature of the human body in relation to its environment.
Biological / Physical Anthropology
deals with the study of prehistoric and past societies by studying their tools they left behind and environment
Archeology Anthropology
part of social sciences that deals with the study of politics, power, and government.
Political Science
it is the process of making Collective decisions in a community; society or group through the application of influence and power
Political science
poliz -
polis-
city, states
doings
Country is considered of state if it has:
1 Government
2 Covereignty (exercise of power)
3 Territory (land, plovial, air)
4 People
“Man is by nature a political animal”
Aristotle
considered as the founder of Political Science
Aristotle
