Lesson 1: Doing Philosophy Flashcards
the birthplace of philosophy in the West
Greece
the precise place where philosophy came to be
ancient greek city of miletus (turkey)
first philosopher in the West
thales
the Father of Philosophy in the Western civilization
thales
The study of the universe as a whole
metaphysics
metaphysics is further subdivided into
ontology and philosophical anthropology
division of metaphysics that studies existence
ontology
division of metaphysics that deals with the
fundamental and essential characteristics of human nature
philosophical anthropolgy
first two branches of philosophy
metaphysics and epistemology
The first two branches of philosophy, metaphysics and epistemology, are called
cognitive branches
branch of philosophy that studies the nature and means of human
knowledge
epistemology
next three branches of philosophy
ethics, politics, aesthetics
The next three branches of philosophy (ethics, politics and aesthetics) can be
classified as the
normative branches
These branches provide a description of being (existence) and
knowing.
cognitive branches
They are the foundations of understanding any philosophical system.
cognitive branches
the branch that isconcerned
with the standard of the good
normative branches
branches are concerned with what
“is”
cognitive
branches are concerned with what “ought” to be.
normative
The most basic normative branch of philosophy is
ethics/morality
code of values to guide
man’s choices and actions - the choices and actions that determine the course of
his life
ethics or morality
The last two normative branches of philosophy
politics and aesthetics
is concerned with the good for human being as a
human being
ethics
a branch
of philosophy “which defines the principles of a proper social system.”
politics
studies the nature of art.
aesthetics
It is
concerned with the nature and the objective judgement of beauty.
aesthetics
Philosophy was born
because of
ignorance
a form of cooperative
argumentative dialogue between individuals, based on asking and answering
questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying
presuppositions.
socratic method
the socratic method is also known as
dialectic, method of elenchus, elentic method, socratic debate
who invented dialectic according to aristotle
zeno of elea
ancient greeks used this word to signify the logic of false
appearance or semblance.
dialectic
a term used to describe a method of
philosophical argument that involves some sort of contradictory process between
opposing sides.
dialectics
it is a discourse between two or more
people holding different points of view about a subject but wishing to establish the
truth through reasoned arguments.
dialectic method
the process of thinking
about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgement.
reasoning
about answering questions
philosophy
the method we
use in doing philosophy.
reasoning
Its trajectory is to see the bigger picture about everything. This process is called
philosophical reflectio
which is the ability to think logically.
primary reflection
The
ability of the mind to construct and evaluate arguments.
primary reflection
. It examines its object by
abstraction, by analytically breaking it down into its constituent parts.
primary reflection
It is
concerned with definitions, essences and technical solutions to problems.
primary reflection
this type of reflection
enables us to look deeper into our experiences and see the bigger picture of reality.
secondary reflection
It integrates the fragmented and compartmentalized experience into a whole. It is
the idea that various systems (e.g. physical, biological, social) should be viewed as
wholes, not merely as a collection of parts.
secondary reflection
Moral theology employs the
STOP sign
STOP stands for
search, think, others, pray
_______ out the facts. It is necessary that all means should be
exhausted to better understand the issue.
search
reflect and analyse the facts,
its negative or positive effects, advantages or disadvantages
think
How it affects _________. We should always consider others in every decision that we make. Every
action that we take has always a social dimension. It affects ourselves, others and
community where we belong
others
We are human beings
with limitations. If our best effort are not enough, then there is no way but look up
for divine or God for enlightenment and guidance.
pray
a unique tool of
theology which is in the realm of faith but philosophy’s reasoning helps in
undergoing a theological reflection
praying
its faith seeking
understanding.
praying (st. anselm)
