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We The People > Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Constitutional government

A

Government limited by the provisions of the constitution

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2
Q

Democracy

A

Considered to be the corrupt form of polity

Modern definition: a government in which power rests with the people

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3
Q

Forms of government

A

Rule of one, few, or many consisting of a “right form” and a “corrupt form”

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4
Q

Limited government

A

Government in which authority of officials is restricted by law

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5
Q

Parliament

A

Highest legislature consisting of the house of the lords and re House of Commons

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6
Q

Republic

A

Representative government ruled by law

“Thing of the people”

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7
Q

Unwritten constitution

A

Constitutions that are not single written documents

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8
Q

Written constitution.

A

Constitution. That is written in a single formal document

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9
Q

U.S. Was officially recognized as an independent nation in the

A

Treaty of Paris of 1783

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10
Q

The colonists had not been the

A

First people on the American continent

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11
Q

By the end of the revolutionary war there were

A

Relatively few native Americans

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12
Q

The indigenous population decreased due to

A

Encroachment of colonial settlements
Disease
Warfare

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13
Q

Backgrounds of colonists were

A

Diverse

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14
Q

Most colonies had

A

Established/ official government religions

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15
Q

—- was practiced in all colonies

A

Slavery

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16
Q

Majority of colonial americans

A

Lived and worked on farms or in rural communities

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17
Q

Those who did not work on farms worked as

A

Sailors
Shoemakers
Silversmiths
Etc

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18
Q

Colonial America

A

Society of traditions where people played social roles and exercised authority in long established ways

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19
Q

Languages of colonists

A 
Dutch
Spanish
Swedish
Finish 
Irish 
Etc
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20
Q

Native Americans (amount)

A

10-90 million

100s of tribes

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21
Q

Indentured servants

A

1/2 to 2/3 of immigrants were indentured servants

59 acres per new servant given to owners

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22
Q

Constitution

A

Fundamental higher law

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23
Q

Founders learned about government through

A

Reading history and philosophy

Their own experiences of self-government As colonists with British empire

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24
Q

Many of the founders read texts about

A

Government and politics by Aristotle, Marcus tulips Cicero, etc

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25
Q

Founders read about

A 
Newer theories of government by people like 
Hobbes 
Locke
Montesquieu 
William black stone
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26
Q

Government influences also came from

A

Protestant theology (think Protestant reformation)

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27
Q

Examples of

A

Good and bad government used for guidance

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28
Q

Classical political philosophers taught that humans are

A

Naturally social creatures with obligations to each other and their community, without which they could neither survive nor achieve excellence

29
Q

Classical philosophers agreed that one purpose of government is to

A

Aid people in learning about and performing their duties

30
Q

Greek and roman history taught that democracies would

A

End in tyranny when the poor attack the rich

31
Q

Natural rights theorists taught that people have

A

Natural rights that others must respect. (Life, liberty, and estate)

32
Q

British history showed that monarchies might evolve into

A

Free government and that if the citizens are determined they can ensure that monarchs will respect their rights

33
Q

America. Colonial history showed that

A

Self government could coexist with a distant central authority

34
Q

Founders had learned at least two important lessons about government:

A

Government should serve the people

Fundamental higher law (constitution) should limit government

35
Q

According to Aristotle every national entity must

A

Perform three functions

36
Q

Must deliberate about what is to be

A

Done and decide what public policy should be (legislative function- deliberating on and enacting law)

37
Q

Must perform an executive function in which

A

Public officials carry out the public policy

38
Q

Must carry out a judicial function in which

A

Disputes regarding interpretation of the law are managed and applied in everyday life

39
Q

Countries may be governed by

A

One person
Few people
Many people

40
Q

Right form of government by a single person

A

Monarchy

41
Q

Right form of government by a few people

A

Aristocracy (rule of the best)

42
Q

Right form of government by many

A

Polity

43
Q

Polity incorporates elements of both

A

Democracy and oligarchy

Most like democracy

44
Q

Corrupt forms of government

A

Tyranny (one)
Oligarchy (few, usually rich)
Democracy (many, usually poor)

45
Q

Aristotles meaning of democracy was a government in which people themselves

A

Make decisions, rather than the type of democracy we currently have

46
Q

Corrupt democracy referred to what

A

Ancient Greece experienced when poor took power

47
Q

Aristotle concluded that the dominant group of most stable nations consists of

A

Middle class citizens

48
Q

Rule by middle class yields

A

Most stable form of government

49
Q

If a constitution can combine the lesser number of wealthy persons with the many poor,

A

It wi achieve stability

50
Q

Poly boys popularized the idea that a mixed constitution consisted of

A

Monarchical, aristocratic, and democratic elements

51
Q

Idea of mixed constitution was passed on to the

A

Enlightenment of the eighteenth century

52
Q

Enlightenment French political think Charles Louis de second and cited England as a

A

Mixed constitution

53
Q

British government had a

A

Limited monarch
Aristocrat in one House of Parliament (lords)
House of Commons for common people

54
Q

British parliament and legislatures of colonies were examples of

A

Representative government or republican government

55
Q

Founders preferred a

A

Representative form of government where many interests could be represented in legislafure and government officials would be required to obey the law

56
Q

Constitution is a plan that sets forth the

A

Structure and powers of government

57
Q

Constitutions specify the

A

Main institutions of government and state the powers of those institutions and the procedures they must use to make, enforce, and interpret law

58
Q

Constitutions typically specify how they can be

A

Changed or amended

59
Q

In American conception of constitutional government a constitution is a

A

Form of higher law that everyone must obey

60
Q

Controversies surrounding written constitutions

A

Meaning o words
If understanding of document should change
Who should have final say in its interpretation

61
Q

Only 3 of the worlds major democracies have

A 
Unwritten constitutions 
(Britain, Israel, New Zealand)
62
Q

Constitutional government means

A

Limited government

63
Q

Limited government is characterized by

A

Restrains on power as specified by the constitution

64
Q

Unlimited government

A

Officials are unrestrained by law or elections (autocracy, dictatorship, totalitarianism)

65
Q

A higher law is different from a

A

Stature enacted by a legislature

66
Q

Higher law different from statute because

A

Sets forth basic rights of citizens
Established responsibility of government to protect those rights
Limitations on exercising power
Can be changed only with consent of people

67
Q

It is possible to have a constitutional government t with

A

One ruler
A group of rulers
Or rule by the people

68
Q

Constitutional governments include

A

Monarchies
Republics
Democracies
Mixed combinations of these governments

69
Q

Direct democracy believed to be more likely to

A

Ignore constitutional limits

We The People (21 decks)

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