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Psychology for Exceptional Children > Lesson 1-2 > Flashcards

Lesson 1-2 Flashcards

1
Q

RA 9942

A

Laws and Mandates on Disability

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2
Q

1948

A

Universal of Declaration of Human rights

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3
Q

1979

A

Convention of the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women

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4
Q

2003

A

Convention on the rights of the child

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5
Q

2006

A

UN convention on the rights of persons with disabilities

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6
Q
  • is a human rights issue

- is a societal responsibility

A

Disability

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7
Q

Recognizes various international covenants on the rights of persons with disabilities as well as the importance of the principles and policy guidelines contained in the

A

World Programme of Action Concerning PWDS(1982)

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8
Q

Influencing the promotion, formulation, and evaluation of the policies, plans, programs, and actions at the national, regional, and international levels.

A

Standard rules on the equalization of persons with disabilities(1994)

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9
Q

Are those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairments in which interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others.

A

Persons with disabilities

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10
Q

Art. 5

A

Equality before the law without discrimination

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11
Q

Arts 10 & 14

A

Rights to life, liberty and security of the persons

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12
Q

Art 12

A

Equal recognition before the law and legal capacity

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13
Q

Art 15

A

Freedom and torture

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14
Q

Art 16

A

Freedom and exploitation, violence and abuse

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15
Q

Art 17

A

Right to respect physical and mental integrity

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16
Q

Art 18

A

Freedom and movement

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17
Q

Art 19

A

Right to live in the community

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18
Q

Art 21

A

Freedom of expression and opinion

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19
Q

Art 22

A

Respect for privacy

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20
Q

Art 23

A

Respect for home and family

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21
Q

Art 24

A

Right to education

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22
Q

Art 25

A

Right to Health

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23
Q

Art 27

A

Right to work

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24
Q

Art 28

A

Right to an adequate standard of living

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25
Q

Art 29

A

Right to participate in political and public life

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26
Q

Art 30

A

Right to participate in cultural life

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27
Q

Every child has a fundamental right to education and must be given the opportunity to achieve and maintain an acceptable level of learning.

A

Salamanca Statement and framework for action on special needs education, 1994

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28
Q

Guarantees the protection of the rights of all women, whether disabled or not including women and girls with disabilities

A

Convention on the elimination of discrimination against women( CEDAW), 1979

29
Q

An act of providing for the rehabilitation, self-development and self-reliance of persons with disabilities and their integration into the mainstream of society

A

RA 7277 Magna Carta for the persons with disabilities, 1992

30
Q

provides equal rights & privileges of persons with disabilities on employment, education, health, auxiliary social services, telecommunications, Accessibility, political and civil rights. and prohibits discrimination against PWDS on employment, transportation, uses of public accommodations and services

A

RA 7277 Magna Carta for the persons with disabilities, 1992

31
Q

is defined as an act of making fun or contemptuous imitating or mockery of persons with disabilities whether writing, or in words, or in action due to their impairments.

A

Deliverance from Public ridicule

32
Q
  • The utterance of slanderous and abusive statements against a person with disabilities: and/or.
  • An act in public which incites hatred towards serious contempt for, or severe ridicule of persons with disabilities
A

Deliverance from vilification

33
Q

an act establishing an institutional mechanism to ensure the implementation of programs and services for persons with disabilities in every province, city, municipality, Amending RA 7277

34
Q

An act to enhance the mobility of the persons with disabilities by requiring certain buildings, institutions, establishments, and public utilities to install facilities and other devices.

A

Batas Pambansa Bilang 344, 1983

35
Q

An act of Providing for local goverment code of the Philippines

36
Q

Approximately ____ of all children and adolescents experience at least one mental health problem prior to adulthood.

37
Q

refers to the percentage of individuals in
a given population who have a medical or
psychological condition.

A

Prevalence

38
Q
  • the percentage of youths with

a disorder at a given point in time

A

point prevalence

39
Q
  • the percentage of youths

with a disorder at any point in their lifetime.

A

lifetime prevalence

40
Q

refers to the percentage of new cases of a disorder

in a discrete period of time.

41
Q

refers to the presentation of two or
more disorders in the same person at the same time.
On average, approximately 40% of children and
adolescents with one mental disorder have at least
one other psychiatric condition (Merikangas & He,
2014)

A

Comorbidity

42
Q

What Factors Influence the Prevalence of

Childhood Disorders?

A
  • age
  • gender
  • socioeconomic status (SES)
  • ethnicity
43
Q

Gender

A

Boys are 4 times more likely than girls to be
diagnosed with ASD and 3 times more likely than girls
to be diagnosed with ADHD. Boys are also more likely
than girls to show disruptive behavior problems, such
as oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).

44
Q

Socioeconomic Status

A

Socioeconomic status (SES) is one of the best
predictors of children’s mental health. SES is a
composite variable that reflects three aspects of a
child’s environment:
• (1) parents’ levels of education
• (2) parents’ employment, and
• (3) family income.

45
Q

Ethnicity

A

Certain disordersare more commonly diagnosed in
non-Latino, White families. For example, the
prevalence of ASD is approximately twice as high
among non-Latino, White children (1.1%) compared
to Latino (0.5%) or African American (0.4%) youths.
Similarly, ADHD is more frequently diagnosed in nonLatino, White youths (9.1%) than in African American
(8.0%) or Latino (4.1%) children.

46
Q

Mental Disorder

A
  • Abnormal behavior can be defined in terms of
  • (1) statistical infrequency,
  • (2) associated impairment,
  • (3) associated distress,
  • (4) cultural deviancy, and
  • (5) behavioral rigidity
47
Q

is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant
disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that
reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes
underlying mental functioning.

A

mental disorder

48
Q

refers to the unfolding of children’s development

A

Probalistic Epigenesis

49
Q

include toddlers learning to
understand other people’s emotional states, school-age
children learning to think before acting, and adolescents
using moral reasoning to solve interpersonal problems

A

Adaptive behavior

50
Q

interfere with children’s social,
emotional, and behavioral competence or do not meet
the changing demands of the environment

A

Maladaptive behaviors

51
Q

children’s symptoms
change over time, but their underlying pattern of
behavior remains the same

A

heterotypic continuity

52
Q

occurs when children
with different developmental
histories show similar
developmental outcomes

A

Equifinality

53
Q 
refers to the 
tendency of children with similar 
early experiences to show different 
social, emotional, and behavioral 
outcomes.
A

Multifinality

54
Q

According to the research literature,
what methods of assessment and forms of treatment work
best for a child with this disorder?

A

Scientific research

55
Q

According to my own professional
experience and judgment, what is the best way for me to
assess and treat this child?

A

Clinical expertise

56
Q

How might the child’s age, gender,
and sociocultural background, or the family’s expectations and
preferences for therapy, affect the way I help them?

A

Patient characteristics:

57
Q

Mental health practitioners spend most of their time

engaged in three types of professional activities:

A

assessment, diagnosis, and treatment

58
Q

“to judge well, to comprehend well, and to reason well” and “the
capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to
deal effectively with his environment” –Wechsler, 1958

A

Intelligence measure using WISC-V

59
Q

– knowledge and academic skills that children learn through formal and
informal educational experiences • (1) reading, (2) mathematics, and (3) written expression

A

Academic Achievement

60
Q

is a compendium of mental disorders published by the
American Psychiatric Association (2013). It is organized into 20
broad categories based on each disorder’s presentation
defined in signs and symptoms.

61
Q

To
be diagnosed with a given disorder, the individual must show
the diagnostic features described in the manual.

A

A symptom is subjective

62
Q

(i.e. weight loss or psychomotor

retardation, sluggish behavior).

A

A sign is an overt feature

63
Q

requires children to meet specific criteria to be

diagnosed with a disorder

A

categorical approach

64
Q

show a subset of possible signs and symptoms

A

prototypical approach

65
Q

indicate the severity of children’s distress or

impairment

A

dimensional approach

66
Q

Pharmacotherapy involves three stages:

A

(1) initiation, (2)

maintenance, and (3) discontinuation.

67
Q

is a formal process of interaction between two
parties . . . for thepurpose of amelioration of distress in one of
the two parties relative to any or all of the following areas of
disability or malfunction

A

Psychotherapy

68
Q

4 C’s in Child/Family Ethics (Koocher, 2008)

A
  • Competence
  • Consent
  • Confidentiality
  • Conflict of Interest

Psychology for Exceptional Children (12 decks)

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