Lesson 1

Question 1

find the word: the scientific study of the brain and nervous system

Answer 1

neuroscience

Question 2

find the word: mental processes involved in knowing and thinking

Answer 2

cognition

Question 3

find the word: the scientific study of how the brain
produces thoughts, ideas, actions and related mental phenomena

Answer 3

cognitive neuroscience

Question 4

prior to 1950, what was the dominant approach in psychology?

Answer 4

behaviorism

Question 5

what scientist argued all behavior can be understood as
reactions (responses) to events in the environment (stimuli) and referred to as stimulus-response (S-R) psychology?

Answer 5

James Watson

Question 6

James Watson and BF Skinner believed …..

Answer 6

psychology should study the relationship between observable actions
(behavior) and environmental conditions

Question 7

what scientist focused on consequences of responses;
behaviors that are rewarded (or punished) will increase (or decrease) in frequency?

Answer 7

B.F Skinner

Question 8

What was argued during the Cognitive revolution? What was the reaction towards?

Answer 8

argued that it is not possible to explain complex human behavior with S-R psychology or there is
a mind, and it can be studied; a reaction to behaviorism

Question 9

what scientist argued that language acquisition cannot occur
with feedback alone - there are innate mental rules for language?

Answer 9

Noam Chomsky

Question 10

what scientist argued the development of reasoning ability
suggests a predictable (innate) sequence of mental constructs during childhood?

Answer 10

Jean Piaget

Question 11

What scientist established the Center for Cognitive
Studies at Harvard in 1960?

Answer 11

George Miller

Question 12

Which scientists coined the term ‘Cognitive Neuroscience’ in a taxi ride in NYC in the late 1970s?

Answer 12

Michael Gazzaniga and George Miller

Question 13

Which scientist challenged the idea that ventricles were
central to sensation and thought?

Answer 13

Thomas Willis

Question 14

Which scientist brought direct attention to brain as enabler of mind and idea that different brain functions are localized to discrete
brain regions?

Answer 14

Franz Gaul

Question 15

Which scientists proposed the idea of ‘wholeism’?

Answer 15

Karl Lashley

Question 16

Broca’s patient “Tan” presented with what diffculty because of their lesion?

Answer 16

diffculity in speech

Question 17

Wernicke’s patients had difficulty with what after their lesion in the left temporal cortex?

Answer 17

loss of comprehension

Question 18

What was Penfield’s most important contribution to the field of cognitive neuroscience?

Answer 18

the development of mapping the motor cortex “motor homunculus”

Question 19

Noam Chomsky argued that the structure of human languages is ________, in contrast to B.F. Skinner’s assertion that languages are ________.

Answer 19

innate; learned

Question 20

Phrenologists believed that the contour of the skull could provide valuable information about an individual’s cognitive capacities and personality traits. This approach was based on the assumption that:

Answer 20

skull protrusions are caused by disproportionate development of the brain areas beneath them, which are responsible for different specific functions

Question 21

Which of the following things would have been the most difficult for the famous individual studied by Paul Broca to do, compared to before his stroke?

a. reading a book aloud
b. listening to a piano recital
c. playing a game of cards
d. appreciating a painting

Answer 21

a. reading a book aloud

Question 22

Which of the following things would have been the most difficult for the famous individual described by Carl Wernicke to do, compared to before his stroke?

a. singing a song
b. painting a picture
c. understanding a speech
d. riding a horse

Answer 22

c. understanding a speech