LESSON 04 SKELETAL

Question 1

Framework of hard structures which supports and protects the soft tissues of anomals

Answer 1

Skeletal system

Question 2

Function of skeleton

Answer 2

• support the body
• layers of locomotion
• protect soft parts

Question 3

Function of skeleton

Answer 3

• support the body
• layers of locomotion
• protect soft parts

Question 4

Classification of bones according to shape

Answer 4

• long bones (femur, humerus)
• short bones (Carpals and tarsal)
• flat bones ( scapula, skull, pelvis)
• irregular bonez (vertebrae)

Question 5

It is the type of bone that is longer than wide and has straight primary ossification centers

Answer 5

Long bones (1 diaphysis and 2 epiphyses)

Aberrant long bones

Question 6

It is a type of bone that is cube shaped and has one center of ossification

Answer 6

Short bones (carpals and tarsal)

Question 7

It is a type of bone that has two plates of compact bone and separated by cancellous bone

Answer 7

Flat (scapula, pelvis, skull)

Question 8

It is a type of bone that has no uniformity in development

Answer 8

Irregular bones (vertebrae)

Question 9

This are bones, which are developed in tendons to afford increased leverage

example Patella

Answer 9

Sesamoids

Question 10

What are the two types of bone structure?

Answer 10

• Compact bones or dense
• Spongy or cancellous

Question 11

It is a structure of bones which forms the outer shell of all skeletal parts

Answer 11

Compact or dense bone

Question 12

It is a structure of bones that is small central canal has irregularities for muscle and ligament

Answer 12

Cortex

Question 13

This is structure of bones that is in inner surface of shaft and also it is called the “Diploe” in skull bones

Answer 13

Medullary cavity

Question 14

What are the two types of marrow?

Answer 14

Red Morrow
Yellow marrow

Question 15

It is a type of Marrow that is highly vascularized gelatinous tissue and produce (hematopoiesis) in young animals

Answer 15

Red marrow

Question 16

It is a type of marrow that contains fat, stem cells, for growth of bones and also can be seen in shafts of long bones

Answer 16

Yellow Marrow

Question 17

Structure of bone that refer to the end of a long bone

Answer 17

Epiphysis

Question 18

Structure of bone that is cylindrical shaft of a long bone between two epiphysis

Answer 18

Diaphysis

Question 19

The flared area adjacent to the epiphysis

Answer 19

Metaphysis

Question 20

Structure of bone that has thin layer of articular cartilage that covers the articular joint surface of a bone

Answer 20

Articular cartilage

Question 21

Structure of bone that has tough fibrous membrane and covers the outer surface of the bone

Answer 21

Periosteum

Question 22

Structure of bone that is fibrous membrane that lines the marrow cavity

Answer 22

Endosteum

Question 23

What are the vessel and nerves of bone

Answer 23

• Nutrient artery and vein
• periosteal arteries and veins
• nerves and bone are principaly sensory

Question 24

It passes to nutrient Formen and Canal

Answer 24

Nutrients artery and veins

Question 25

Numerous but small also extremities of long bones and much of the compact bone

Answer 25

Periosteal Arteries and veins

Question 26

What are the articular projection of bones?

Answer 26

- Head - condyle - trochlea - facet

Question 27

It is a spherical articular projection, enlarge often rounded end

Answer 27

Head

Question 28

It is part of articular projection that is approximately cylindrical articular mass smooth, rounded end of bone

Answer 28

Condyle

Question 29

It is part of part of articular projection that is pulley like articular mass

Answer 29

Trochlea

Question 30

It is part of articular projection that is relatively flat articular surface

Answer 30

Facet

Question 31

What are the non-articular projections?

Answer 31

- process - general term for bony projections - tuberosity - relatively large non-particular projections sites of muscle attachment - Tubercle - smaller projection - Spine - Pointed projection or ridge - crest - sharp bridge. Also, this is where connective tissues attached. - Neck - cylinder part of bone which head is attached

Question 32

What are the articular depressions?

Answer 32

- fovea - small deression - Glenoid cavity - shallow articular concavity - notch - indentation at the edge of the bone

Question 33

What are the non articular depression?

Answer 33

- fossa - large non-articular depression - foramen - circumscribed hole - canal - tunnel through one or more bones - fissure - a narrow, cleft like opening between adjacent bone

Question 34

Ribs cannot be satisfactory included above groups the above groups.

Answer 34

Aberrant long bones

Question 35

Total average number of bones

Answer 35

Axial Skeleton Vertebral column 50 Skull and hyoid 50 Ribs and sternum 34 Appendicular skeleton Thoracic limbs 90 Pelvic limbs 96 Heterotrophic Skeleton Os penis 1