Lesions II medulla

Question 1

what are the syndromes associated with lesions to the medial pontine basis?

Answer 1

1. dysarthria hemiparesis 2. ataxic hemiparesis

Question 2

what are the syndromes associated with lesions to the medial pontine basis and tegmentum?

Answer 2

1. foville’s syndrome 2. pontine wrong-way eyes syndrome 3. millard-gubler syndrome 4. regions variably involved

Question 3

what are the syndromes associated with lesions to the lateral caudal pons?

Answer 3

AICA syndrome

Question 4

what are the syndromes associated with lesions to the dorsolateral rostral pons?

Answer 4

superior cerebellar artery syndrome

Question 5

what are the syndromes associated with lesions to the medial medulla?

Answer 5

medial medullary syndrome

Question 6

what are the syndromes associated with lesions to the lateral medulla?

Answer 6

lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenburg)

Question 7

what structures are involved in medial brainstem lesions?

Answer 7

1. pyramidal tract (corticospinal) 2. medial lemniscus 3. CN 3 (pons), 6(caudal pons), 12 (medulla) 4. MLF

Question 8

what structures are involved in lateral brainstem lesions?

Answer 8

1. spinothalamic tract 2. spinal tract of V 3. CN 5, 7 (pons), 8 (pons / medulla), 9, 10 (medulla)

Question 9

definition: alternating hemiplegia

Answer 9

1. cranial nerve deficits on one side 2. descending long motor tract deficits on opposite side

Question 10

what vessel would likely be occluded in dysarthria hemiparesis?

Answer 10

basilar artery - paramedian branches (ventral territory)

Question 11

where is the lesion in dysarthria hemiparesis?

Answer 11

medial pontine basis

Question 12

what structures are affected in dysarthria hemiparesis?

Answer 12

1. corticonuclear tract (UMNs) 2. corticospinal tract (UMNs)

Question 13

what vessel would likely be occluded in ataxic hemiparesis syndrome?

Answer 13

basilar artery - paramedian branches

Question 14

what structures are affected in ataxic hemiparesis syndrome?

Answer 14

1. corticonuclear tract (UMNs) 2. corticospinal tract (UMNs) 3. pontine nuclei and pontocerebellar fibers

Question 15

where is the lesion in ataxic hemiparesis?

Answer 15

medial pontine basis

Question 16

what vessel would likely be occluded in foville’s syndrome?

Answer 16

basilar artery - paramedian branches

Question 17

what structures are affected in foville’s syndrome?

Answer 17

1. corticonuclear tract 2. corticospinal tract 3. facial colliculus (LMNs) - abducens nucleus or PPRF, facial nerve root fascicles

Question 18

where is the lesion foville’s syndrome?

Answer 18

medial pontine basis and tegementum

Question 19

what vessel would likely be occluded in wrong-way eyes syndrome?

Answer 19

basilar artery - paramedian branches

Question 20

what structures are affected in wrong-way eyes syndrome?

Answer 20

1. corticonuclear tract 2. corticospinal tract 3. abducens nucleus or PPRF

Question 21

where is the lesion in wrong-way eyes syndrome?

Answer 21

medial pontine basis and tegmentum

Question 22

what vessel would likely be occluded in millard-gubler syndrome?

Answer 22

basilar artery - paramedian branches

Question 23

what structures are affected in millard-gubler syndrome?

Answer 23

1. corticonuclear tract 2. corticospinal tract 3. facial nerve fascicles (LMNs)

Question 24

where is the lesion in millard-gubler syndrome?

Answer 24

medial pontine basis and tegmentum

Question 25

what vessel would likely be occluded in variable regions of the brainstem?

Answer 25

basilar artery - paramedian branches

Question 26

what structures are affected in the variable regions of the brainstem?

Answer 26

1. medial lemniscus 2. medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)

Question 27

where is the lesion in the variable regions of the brainstem?

Answer 27

medial pontine basis and tegmentum

Question 28

what structures are affected in AICA syndrome?

Answer 28

1. middle cerebellar peduncle 2. vestibular nuclei 3. trigeminal nucleus and tract 4. spinothalamic tract 5. descending sympathetic fibers

Question 29

where is the lesion in AICA syndrome?

Answer 29

lateral caudal pons

Question 30

what structures are affected in superior cerebellar artery syndrome?

Answer 30

superior cerebellar peduncle

Question 31

where is the lesion in superior cerebellar artery syndrome?

Answer 31

dorsolateral rostral pons

Question 32

what vessels(s) would likely be occluded in medial medullary syndrome?

Answer 32

1. anterior spinal artery - paramedian branches 2. vertebral artery - paramedian branches

Question 33

what structures are affected in medial medullary syndrome?

Answer 33

1. corticospinal tract 2. hypoglossal nerve and nucleus (LMNs) 3. medial lemniscus

Question 34

what vessels(s) would likely be occluded in lateral medullary syndrome (Wallenburg's syndrome)?

Answer 34

1. vertebral artery thrombosis 2. PICA thrombosis

Question 35

what structures are affected in lateral medullary syndrome?

Answer 35

1. inferior cerebellar peduncle 2. vestibular nuclei 3. spinothalamic tract 4. spinal tract and nucleus of V 5. descending sympathetic fibers 6. nucleus ambiguus 7. loss of vertical orientation