Gross brain and blood supply Flashcards
the cephalic flexure is the junction between what two structures?
diencephalon and midbrain
the frontal lobe contains which functional areas?
learned behavior, primary motor cortex, Broca’s area (speech), goal oriented behavior / motivations
the parietal lobes contain which functional areas?
primary somesthetic area, somatosensory function, integration of auditory, visual, and somatosensory information
the temporal lobes contain which functional areas?
wernicke’s area - reading, understanding / speaking written word, primary auditory cortex
the occipital lobe contains which functional areas?
primary visual cortex and association visual areas
where is the calcarine fissure? what does it separate?
Occipital lobe, separates cuneate gyrus (superiorly) from lingual gyrus (inferiorly)
the limbic lobe contains which functional areas?
vital survival areas, memory
what are the basal nuclei? what is their function?
- caudate nucleus, lentiform nuclei (putamen and globus pallidus), subthalamus, and substantia nigra 2. associated with movement
what is the diencephalon? what are the functions of each component?
- thalamus - sensory relay 2. hypothalamus - links nervous system to endocrine 3. subthalamus - motor movement 4. epithalamus / pineal gland - day / night cycling
where is the thalamus located?
lateral borders of 3rd cerebral ventricle
where are the hippocampus and amygdala located? what is their function?
- temporal lobe 2. memory consolidation, control of ANS in relation to previous experience
what does the superior cerebellar peduncle connect? middle? inferior?
- superior - cerebellum to midbrain and cerebrum 2. middle - cerebellum to pons 3. inferior - cerebeelum to medulla and spinal cord
what forms the basis pontis?
crossing fibers of the middle cerebellar peduncle
what is the location of CN V-VIII?
pontine tegmentum
what is the location of CN III and IV?
tegmentum of midbrain
what is the location of CN IX, X, and XII?
medulla
CN I and II are tracts of what brain region?
diencephalon
what is the territory of the anterior cerebral artery?
medial aspect of frontal and parietal lobes, medial sensorimotor cortex
what is the territory of the middle cerebral artery?
- superior division - cortex above lateral fissure, lateral frontal cortex including precentral and postcentral gyri 2. inferior division - cortex below lateral fissure, lateral temporal lobe, parts of parietal lobe
the anterior and posterior spinal arteries are direct branches of what artery?
vertebral
what supplies blood to the caudal medulla?
paramedian branches of the anterior spinal artery
what is the territory of the posterior cerebral artery?
midbrain, thalamus, medial and inferior surfaces of occipital and temporal lobes
where is the great cerebral vein of Galen?
midline behind midbrain between cerebrum and cerebellum
what drains into the basal veins of Rosenthal?
deep cerebral veins (anteior, deep middle, posterior)
what drains into the superior anastomotic vein of Trolard? where does it drain?
- superficial middle cerebral 2. drains superficial venous blood into superior sagittal sinus
what drains into the inferior anastomotic vein of Labbe? where does it drain?
- superficial middle cerebral vein 2. drains superficial venous blood into the confluence of sinuses posteriorly
what are the bridging veins?
drain venous blood from the surface of the brain, penetrate arachnoid mater then the dura mater to enter the dural venous sinuses
