Lesions I midbrain

Question 1

the cerebral peduncle is made up of what structures?

Answer 1

tegmentum + substantia nigra + basis pendunculi (crus cerebri)

Question 2

where is the lesion in Weber syndrome? what are the clinical symptoms?

Answer 2

1. medial midbrain 2. Ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy + contralateral hemiparesis

Question 3

what arteries are implicated in Weber syndrome (medial midbrain)?

Answer 3

1. branches of PCA 2. top of basilar artery

Question 4

what structures are involved in Weber syndrome?

Answer 4

1. oculomotor nerve 2. corticonuclear fibers (trigeminal motor nucleus, facial nucleus, nucleus ambiguus, hypoglossal nucleus) 3. corticospinal fibers

Question 5

where is the lesion in Claude syndrome? what are the clinical symptoms?

Answer 5

1. central midbrain (midbrain tegmentum) 2. ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy + contralateral ataxia and tremor of cerebellar origin

Question 6

what arteries are implicated in Claude syndrome?

Answer 6

1. branches of PCA 2. top of basilar artery

Question 7

what structures are involved in Claude syndrome?

Answer 7

1. oculomotor nerve fascicles 2. red nucleus 3. cerebellothalamic fibers

Question 8

where is the lesion in Benedikt syndrome? what are the clinical symptoms?

Answer 8

1. medial midbrain + central midbrain 2. ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy + contralateral hemiparesis + contralateral ataxia, tremor, and involuntary movements

Question 9

what arteries are implicated in Benedikt syndrome?

Answer 9

1. branches of PCA 2. top of basilar artery

Question 10

what structures are involved in Benedikt syndrome?

Answer 10

1. oculomotor nerve fascicles 2. corticonuclear fibers 3. corticospinal fibers 4. red nucleus 5. cerebellothalamic fibers 6. substantia nigra

Question 11

what structures would be affected by a demyelinating disease lesion located in the LEFT caudal midbrain at the level of the inferior colliculus, but rostral to the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncle?

Answer 11

1. cerebellothalamic fibers 2. left trochlear nucleus 3. left medial longitudinal fasciculus

Question 12

what are the clinical symptoms of a large infarct affecting the midbrain reticular formation?

Answer 12

impaired consciousness - somnolence, delirium, hallucinations

Question 13

what is perinaud syndrome? what structures are involved?

Answer 13

1. vertical gaze paralysis - lesion in dorsal rostral midbrain 2. vergence center, oculomotor nucleus, EWN