LEPROSY Flashcards
What is another name for leprosy?
Hansen’s disease, Hansenosis, ketong
Leprosy is also known by these alternative names.
What is the causative agent of leprosy?
Mycobacterium Leprae
This bacterium is responsible for causing leprosy.
What is the incubation period for leprosy?
6 months - 8 years or more
The incubation period can vary significantly.
What is the primary mode of transmission for leprosy?
Primary: Droplets
Leprosy is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets.
What is the secondary mode of transmission for leprosy?
Contact transmission (only prolonged)
Secondary transmission occurs through prolonged contact.
What is an early sign of leprosy?
Anesthesia: loss of sensations
Skin discoloration
Anhydrosis: loss of sweat
This symptom indicates nerve damage due to the disease.
What is another early symptom of leprosy?
Skin discoloration
Changes in skin color can occur in the early stages.
Fill in the blank: Anhidrosis is the loss of _____ .
sweat
Anhidrosis can lead to complications due to lack of sweating.
What is a late symptom of leprosy characterized by the falling of eyebrows and all hairs?
Madarosis
This symptom reflects significant skin and hair changes.
What does lagopthalmos refer to in leprosy?
Inability to close the eyes
This can lead to eye damage and infections.
What is the term for the shortening of muscles and bones in leprosy?
Contractures
This symptom can lead to physical deformities.
What is the leonine appearance in leprosy?
Thickening of the skin and cracking
This gives the face a lion-like appearance.
What is the terminal symptom of leprosy that involves loss of body parts?
Amputation
This can occur due to severe tissue damage.
What is the Lucio’s phenomenon?
Visible bones due to skin ulceration
This occurs in advanced stages of leprosy.
What is the confirmatory diagnostic test for leprosy?
Slit Skin Smear
This test helps confirm the presence of Mycobacterium Leprae.
What does the Lepromine Reaction Test (LRT) indicate?
Test for communicability
It determines whether the leprosy infection is active and non-communicable.
If the LRT is positive with rashes, what does it indicate?
Non-communicable, active immunity
This suggests that the individual has immunity to further infection.
If the LRT is negative without rashes, what does it indicate?
Communicable
This means the individual can transmit the disease to others.
What vaccines are used for leprosy prevention?
BCG
BCG is primarily used for tuberculosis but also offers some protection against leprosy.
What is an example of prophylactic treatment for leprosy?
Rifampicin, Ofloxacin, Minocycline
These antibiotics can be used for prophylaxis in high-risk individuals.
What is the first-line drug of choice (DOC) for treating leprosy?
Rifampicin, Dapsone, Clofazimine
These medications are crucial in the management of leprosy.
What nursing management technique can help prevent injury in leprosy patients regarding eyes?
Artificial tears
This helps protect the eyes, especially in patients with lagopthalmos.
What type of footwear is recommended for leprosy patients?
Closed shoes with padded soles
This prevents foot injuries due to loss of sensation.
What type of utensils should be used by leprosy patients?
Wooden/padded
This helps prevent injuries while eating.
