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H3 > LENIN > Flashcards

LENIN Flashcards

1
Q

The July Days

A

3-5 July

Street demonstrations in Petrograd-disoder

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2
Q

November 1917 elections

A

SR’s won, not the Bolsheviks

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3
Q

The Reds

A

The Bolsheviks

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4
Q

The whites

A

Political opposition, the SR’s and the nobility

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5
Q

The Greens

A

National minorities

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6
Q

Weaknesses of the whites (3)

A

Divided- no sense of common purpose
Lack of commitment-had high levels of desertion
Lack of co-operation-differing goals

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7
Q

Strengths of the reds (4)

A

Use of conscription- 5 million by 1920
Controlled railway system- helped to move their soldiers
Red Terror- Bolsheviks had strict control and good discipline
Use of propaganda

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8
Q

More significant- red strengths or white weaknesses?

A

White weaknesses- allowed the reds to capitalise and have effective propaganda

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9
Q

Social impact of war communism

A

Grain requisitioning led to starving peasants

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10
Q

Three most key reasons why Lenin introduced NEP

A 
Kronstadt Rebellion (used to support the Bolsheviks)
Tambov rebelllion- didn't want a peasant revolt
Tighten dictatorship- could now quell internal unrest with the Decree on Party Unity
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11
Q

Three main reasons why Stalin came to power

A

No clear process to succession
His ability and ambition
His administrative positions (eg General secretary)

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12
Q

Why did Stalin make the Great Turn? (4)

A

Self- sufficiency
Military strength
Grain supplies
Move toward socialism

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13
Q

How & why did the Bolsheviks dissolve the constituent assembly?

A

Held at gunpoint- Bolsheviks only recieved 24% of the vote

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14
Q

What did the Bolsheviks get in the Nov 1917 elections?

A

23.3%

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15
Q

Why did Lenin introduce NEP?

A
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16
Q

Politcal impact of the civil war

A

Influenced nature of government- loyalty to the Bolsheviks emphasised

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17
Q

Economic impact of the civil war

A

Introduction of war communism

NEP brought in to bring stability (however at the expense of ideology

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18
Q

Political impact of the 1917 Oct revolution

A

Kornilov Affair showed the weaknesses of the Provisional Government
Got rid of autocracy

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19
Q

Famine under Lenin

A

Exacerbated by ideology- refused Western help

20
Q

Role of Cheka under Lenin

A

Dealt with opposition to the Bolsheviks

Helped implement war communism

21
Q

What policing did Lenin introduce in 1924?

A

OPGU- less brutal

22
Q

Army under Lenin

A

MRC was a vanguard for the October revolution

23
Q

Propaganda under Lenin

A

Slogans (‘peace, bread and land’)

Cult of personality

24
Q

Superstructure

A

The ideas that the foundations of society, which benefitted the ruling class to maintain order

25
Q

Women in post-revolution Russia

A

Although the Bolsheviks believed in gender equality, this was not the reality- were still expected to be homemakers

26
Q

Women in NEP Russia

A

Tended to be pushed into lower paid, unskilled jobs

27
Q

Women and divorce

A

Men did not have to give much notice to divorce their wives, and were not responsible for their welfare

28
Q

By 1928 about __,___ of the _,___,___ party members were women

A

65,000 of the 1,000,000

29
Q

Example of a female party member

A

Alexandra Kollontai

30
Q

Rabkrin

A

Backwards step for working conditions. Longer hours and lower pay

31
Q

Politburo

A

Cabinet of the Communist party

32
Q

Orgburo

A

Administrative body of the Communist party

33
Q

Sovnarkom

A

People’s commissars with responsibility eg foreign policy

34
Q

The President

A

The figurehead of the Politburo

35
Q

The Nomenklatura

A

Group of officers and managers approved by the Bolsheviks

36
Q

Supreme Soviet

A

Elected by the Sovnarkom

Had the power to make laws and kept power over the republics

37
Q

Presidium

A

Small group of ministers

38
Q

Lenin’s educational reforms

A

Gymnasia

39
Q

Housing under Lenin

A

Taken from landowners and given to the proletariat

40
Q

Similarities to be drawn between Lenin’s approach to ideology and the Tsars

A

Both were willing to adapt ideologies to increase or protect their power

41
Q

How was Sovnarkom elected?

A

Chain of elections
Village soviets chose representatives for district soviets
District soviets elected members for the provincial soviets
Provincial soviets provided membership of Sovnarkom

42
Q

Ogburo

A

Responsible for maintaining order and dealing with opposition

43
Q

Principle that the Bolsheviks based their party on

A

Democratic centralism

44
Q

Democratic centralism

A

The control of affairs would be in the hands of politicians who had been elected by the Russian people

45
Q

Working conditions improvements under Lenin

A

Rabkrin

46
Q

Access to education under Lenin

A

NepMen and Kulaks denied access to education

H3 (7 decks)

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