Leishmaniose Visceral

Question 1

Definition:

Answer 1

Disease caused by the intracellular protozoan parasite Leishmania chagasi

Question 2

Etiology:

Answer 2

Leishmania chagasi

Question 3

Vector Transmission:

Answer 3

Bite of a female phlebotomine sandfly

Question 4

Other ways of transmission:

Answer 4

Reservoirs, blood transfusion, needlestick injuries and vertical transmission

Question 5

Vector:

Answer 5

Lutzomiya longipalpis

Question 6

Evolutive Forms of L. chagasi:

Answer 6

Amastigote and promastigote

Question 7

Rounded, without flagellum and obligate intracellular:

Answer 7

Amastigote

Question 8

Infective form to man:

Answer 8

Metacyclic promastigote

Question 9

Incubation period:

Answer 9

2-6 months

Question 10

“Only __________ vectors are bloodsucking, so only they can transmit the disease”:

Answer 10

Female

Question 11

Vector bites man -> inoculates metacyclic promastigotes -> macrophages -> amastigote -> replication, lysis of macrophages, release and enters new macrophages:

Answer 11

Cycle

Question 12

Lymph node spread, visceral invasion, Lysis macrophages and leukocyte recruitment (with hyperplasia):

Answer 12

Pathophysiology

Question 13

Visceral invasion:

Answer 13

Liver, Spleen and Bone marrow

Question 14

Age more affected:

Answer 14

-15 years old

Question 15

Clinical Forms:

Answer 15

Asymptomatic, Oligosymptomatic and Classical

Question 16

+ Intradermal reaction or Presence of specific antibodies in the blood. But no clinical manifestations:

Answer 16

Asymptomatic

Question 17

Non-specific mild symptoms. Slight modifications of the physical examination and laboratory tests. Self-limited and with treatment indication:

Answer 17

Oligosymptomatic

Question 18

Irregular and persistent fever, Hepatosplenomegaly, Dry cough, Diarrhea, Weight loss, Mucocutaneous pallor, Hair brittle and Elongated cilia, Hemorrhages and Edema:

Answer 18

Classical Form