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ANAT 314 Material > Leg And Foot > Flashcards

Leg And Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What is the joint type of the proximal tibiofibular joint?

A

Planar

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2
Q

What is the joint type of the middle tibiofibular joint?

A

Syndesmosis

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3
Q

What is the joint type of the distal tibiofibular joint?

A

Syndesmosis

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4
Q

What are the bones of the tarsals?

A

Navicular, cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral), cuboid, talus, calcaneus

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5
Q

What is the joint type of the ankle joint?

A

Synovial, hinge joint

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6
Q

What are the movements of the talocrural joint?

A

Plantarflexion and dorsiflexion

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7
Q

What are the two collateral ligaments of the ankle joint?

A

Medial (deltoid) and lateral collateral ligaments

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8
Q

What are the functions of the collateral ligaments of the ankle joint?

A

Prevent abduction/adduction at talocrural joint
Posterior parts limit dorsiflexion and anterior parts limit plantarflexion

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9
Q

What types of joints are the following?
a) Talonavicular joint
b) Calcaneocuboid joint

A

a) Ball-and-socket
b) Plane/gliding

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10
Q

What are the movements of the synovial joints at the foot?

A

Flexion/extension (MTP, DIP, PIP) and abduction/adduction (MTP)

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11
Q

Which joints form the subtalar joint complex?

A

Talocalcaneonavicular joint and anatomic subtalar joint (gliding/plane)

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12
Q

What are the movements at the subtalar joint complex?

A

Eversion and inversion

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13
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior leg?

A

Extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, tibialis anterior and fibularis tertius

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14
Q

What is the common function of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Ankle dorsiflexion

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15
Q

What are the borders of tibialis anterior?

A

Lateral tibial condyle and shaft, IO to medial cuneiform

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16
Q

What is the function of tibialis anterior?

A

Inversion

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17
Q

What are the borders of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Shaft of fibula and IO to distal phalanx of hallux

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18
Q

What are the functions of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Extension of hallux MTP and PIP/DIP

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19
Q

What are the borders of extensor digitorum longus?

A

Lateral tibial condyle, head of fibula and IO to dorsum of lateral 4 toes

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20
Q

What is the function of extensor digitorum longus?

A

Toe PIP/DIP extension

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21
Q

What are the borders of fibularis tertius?

A

Distal fibula to dorsal surface of MT V.

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22
Q

What are the functions of fibularis tertius?

A

Weak dorsiflexion and eversion

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23
Q

What innervates the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Deep fibular nerve

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24
Q

What are the blood vessels of the anterior leg?

A

Anterior tibial artery and vein

25
Q

What is the structure that holds tendons of leg muscles close to joint to prevent bowstringing?

A

Extensor retinacula

26
Q

What are the muscles of the lateral compartment?

A

Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis

27
Q

What are the borders of fibularis longus?

A

Head and proximal fibula to medial cuneiform and plantar surface of MT I

28
Q

What are the borders of fibularis brevis?

A

Shaft of fibula to proximal MT V

29
Q

What are the functions of fibularis longus and brevis?

A

Plantarflexion and eversion

30
Q

What are the nerve and blood vessels of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Superficial fibular nerve and branches of fibular artery and vein

31
Q

What are the muscles of the superficial posterior leg?

A

Gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris

32
Q

What are the borders of gastrocnemius?

A

Supracondylar ridges of femur to calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

33
Q

What are the borders of soleus?

A

Proximal tibia and head of fibula to calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

34
Q

What are the borders of plantaris?

A

Lateral femur to calcaneus

35
Q

What are the functions of the superficial posterior muscles?

A

Gastrocnemius - Knee flexion and plantarflexion
Soleus - Plantarflexion
Plantaris - Weak knee flexion and plantarflexion

36
Q

What are the muscles of the deep posterior leg?

A

Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus

37
Q

What are the borders of tibialis posterior?

A

Tibia, fibula, IO to plantar surface along tarsals

38
Q

What are the borders of flexor digitorum longus?

A

Posterior tibia to distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

39
Q

What are the borders of flexor hallucis longus?

A

Distal fibula to plantar surface of distal phalanx of hallux

40
Q

What are the functions of the deep posterior muscles?

A

FDL - plantarflexion and toe PIP/DIP flexion (II-V)
FHL - plantarflexion and flexion of hallux IP
TP - plantarflexion and inversion

41
Q

What innervates the deep posterior leg?

A

Tibial nerve

42
Q

What are the blood vessels of the deep posterior leg?

A

Posterior tibial artery and vein, fibular artery

43
Q

What are the arches of the foot?

A

Medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal and transverse arch

44
Q

What are the arch functions?

A

Load absorption, increased rigidity for propulsion

45
Q

What are the soft tissues of the arches of the foot?

A

Longitudinal - spring ligament, long and short plantar ligament
Transverse - tendon of tibialis posterior and fibularis longus

46
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the dorsum of the foot?

A

Extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallucis brevis

47
Q

What are the borders of extensor digitorum brevis?

A

Calcaneus to tendons of extensor digitorum longus

48
Q

What are the borders of extensor hallucis brevis?

A

Calcaneus to proximal phalanx of hallux

49
Q

What are the functions of the intrinsic muscles at the dorsum of the foot?

A

EDB - extension of MTP and PIP of digits II-IV
EHB - extension of hallux MTP

50
Q

What is in the 1st and 2nd layer of plantar muscles?

A

1st: Flexor digitorum brevis, abductor digiti minimi, abductor hallucis
2nd: Lumbricals, quadratus plantae

51
Q

What is the 3rd layer of plantar muscles?

A

Flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis

52
Q

What are the plantar muscles of the 4th layer?

A

Plantar interossei, dorsal interossei (tendon of fibularis longus and posterior tibialis)

53
Q

What gives motor innervation to the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibial nerve

54
Q

What gives motor innervation to the plantar muscles?

A

Lateral and medial plantar nerve

55
Q

What gives sensory innervation to the foot?

A

Lateral and medial plantar nerve

56
Q

What gives motor innervation to the dorsum of the foot?

A

Deep fibular nerve

57
Q

What gives sensory innervation to the leg and foot?

A

Leg - Sural nerves
Foot - Tibial, superficial fibular and deep fibular nerve

58
Q

What are the blood vessels of the foot?

A

Dorsum - dorsalis pedis artery and arcuate arch
Sole - lateral and medial plantar arteries

59
Q

What is found in the tarsal tunnel? (TDAVNH)

A

Tibialis posterior tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon, posterior tibial artery, posterior tibial vein, tibial nerve, flexor hallucis longus tendon

ANAT 314 Material (22 decks)

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