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ANAT 314 Material > Hip And Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Hip And Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What are the attachment sites for hip abductors, lateral rotators and extensors?

A

Greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, intertrochanteric crest

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2
Q

Which ligament anchors the femoral head to the fossa?

A

Ligament of the head of the femur

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3
Q

What is the name of the rim of cartilage lining the acetabular fossa?

A

Acetabular labrum

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4
Q

What is the joint classification of the acetabulum?

A

Ball and socket - multi-axial joint

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5
Q

What are the movements of the hip joint in the sagittal plane?

A

Flexion and extension

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6
Q

What are the movements of the hip at the coronal plane?

A

Abduction and adduction

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7
Q

What are the movements of the hip joint at the transverse plane?

A

Medial and lateral rotation, axial rotation when the hip is flexed, circumduction

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8
Q

Which three extracapsular ligaments reinforce the hip joint?

A

Pubofemoral, ischiofemoral and iliofemoral

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9
Q

What do each of the three extracapsular ligaments prevent?

A

Pubofemoral: prevents over-abduction
Iliofemoral: prevents hyperextension and lateral rotation
Ischiofemoral: prevents medial rotation

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10
Q

When the hip is _________, the ligaments move the femoral head closer into the fossa

A

Extended

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11
Q

When the hip is _________, the ligaments make the femoral head and fossa less tightly packed

A

Flexed

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12
Q

What does impact to the knee with a flexed hip lead to?

A

Posterior hip dislocation

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13
Q

Which blood vessel supply the hip joint, femoral head and neck?

A

The medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries

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14
Q

Which blood vessel from the obturator artery supplies the femoral head?

A

Foveal artery

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15
Q

Which clinical condition is linked to trauma that interrupts the circumflex ring and/or the foveal artery?

A

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head

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16
Q

What is the most superficial gluteal muscle?

A

Gluteus maximus

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17
Q

What are the borders of the gluteus maximus?

A

From posterior sacroiliac ligament and sacrotuberous ligament to gluteal tuberosity and IT band

18
Q

What is the function of the gluteus maximus?

A

Hip extension and lateral rotation of hip

19
Q

What are the borders of the tensor fascia lata?

A

From ASIS to lateral tibial condyle via IT band

20
Q

What is the function of the tensor fascia lata?

A

Weak hip medial rotation, flexion and abduction

21
Q

Which gluteal muscles are the hip abductors?

A

Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus

22
Q

What do the hip abductors proximally attach to?

A

Posterior surface of ilium

23
Q

What do the hip abductors distally attach to?

A

Greater trochanter

24
Q

Why are the hip abductors important?

A

They control pelvic drop during one-legged phase of walking

25
Q

Which gluteal muscles make up the hip lateral rotators?

A

Piriformis, superior gemellus, inferior gemellus, obturator internus (obturator externus), quadratus femoris

26
Q

What are the borders of the piriformis?

A

From anterior sacrum to greater trochanter

27
Q

What are the borders of the superior gemellus?

A

From ischial spine to greater trochanter

28
Q

What are the borders of the obturator internus?

A

From bony borders of obturator foramen to greater trochanter

29
Q

What are the borders of the inferior gemellus?

A

From ischium to greater trochanter

30
Q

What are the borders of the quadratus femoris?

A

From ischium to intertrochanteric crest

31
Q

What are the borders of the obturator externus?

A

From bony rim of obturator foramen to intertrochanteric crest

32
Q

Which motor nerve innervates the gluteus medius & minimus and the tenor fascia lata?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

33
Q

Which motor nerve innervates the gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve

34
Q

Which nerve exits below the piriformis with inferior gluteal nerve, but is not motor to gluteal region?

A

Sciatic nerve

35
Q

Which nerve is right beside the sciatic nerve?

A

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

36
Q

What are the two divisions of the sciatic nerve?

A

Common fibular and tibial nerve

37
Q

What are the lateral rotators except obturator externus innervated by?

A

Sacral nerves

38
Q

What is the obturator externus innervated by?

A

Obturator nerve

39
Q

Which clinical condition is characterized by the impingement of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis?

A

Piriformis syndrome

40
Q

What are the sensory nerves of the gluteal region?

A

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve and inferior cluneal nerve

41
Q

Which blood vessels supply to the gluteal region?

A

Superior and inferior gluteal arteries from internal iliac artery

ANAT 314 Material (22 decks)

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