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Developmental Area > Lee - 1997 > Flashcards

Lee - 1997 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the aim?

A

to test the effect of culture on lying and truth telling - in relation to prosocial and antisocial actions

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2
Q

What is the method?

A

lab experiment

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3
Q

What are the strengths of a lab experiment?

A
  • highly controlled = less impact of EVs
  • replicable = more reliable
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4
Q

What are the weaknesses of a lab experiment?

A
  • lack ecological validity
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5
Q

What are the IVs?

A
  1. social or physical story
  2. prosocial or antisocial
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6
Q

What are the four conditions?

A
  1. prosocial / truth telling
  2. prosocial / lie telling
  3. antisocial / truth telling
  4. antisocial / lie telling
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7
Q

What is the DV?

A

the rating given to the story characters deed and verbal statement

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8
Q

What is the scale used?

A

7 point scale ranging from
very very naughty - very very good
(3 crosses XXX - 3 stars ⋆⋆⋆)

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9
Q

What is the design?

A

independent measures

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10
Q

Why can the design also be considered as a repeated measures?

A

even though participants only did physical or social they did both social and antisocial (4 scenarios - 2 pro and 2 anti)

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11
Q

What are the strengths of the design?

A

less likely to have order effects or demand characteristics

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12
Q

What are the weaknesses of the design?

A

individual differences = decreases validity

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13
Q

What is the sample?

A

120 Chinese children and 108 Canadian children

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14
Q

What are the details of the Chinese sample?

A
  • recruited from elementary school
  • 3 groups of 40 kids (7,9 and 11)
  • equal gender
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15
Q

What are the details of the Canadian sample?

A
  • recruited from elementary school
  • 36 seven year olds (20 m, 16 f)
  • 40 nine year olds (24 m, 16 f)
  • 32 eleven year olds (14 m, 18 f)
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16
Q

What are the strengths of the sample?

A
  • both girls and boys tested - no gender bias
  • large samples
  • population validity
17
Q

What are the weaknesses of the sample?

A
  • limited as only focus on small towns and Canadian middle class children
  • age bias
18
Q

What is an overview of the procedure?

A
  • children tested individually
  • instructed of the meaning of words and symbols for rating scale
  • start story with deed
  • ask to rate deed
  • continue story with verbal comment
  • ask to rate verbal comment
19
Q

What were some of the controls in this study?

A
  • to control for order effects the order of the 4 stories were randomised
  • post-experimental discussions
  • meaning of the rating scale repeated every time a question was asked
20
Q

What is a strength of having so many controls in the procedure?

A
  • more likely to be replicable
  • more reliable results
21
Q

What are the weaknesses of the procedure?

A
  • lack mundane realism
  • interviews = self report = social deniability bias
  • lack ecological validity
22
Q

What are some key findings?

A
  1. P/T = rated prosocial behaviours similarly BUT Chinese children grew less positive as got older
  2. P/L = no sig diff in story type, rated prosocial differently (both in age and story type) - Canadian - less negative as older but Chinese go to positive as older
  3. A/T = rated similarly and positively
  4. A/L = no sig diff in story type, rated antisocial differently (age and story type)
23
Q

What is the type of data gathered?

A

quantitative - 7 point rating scale

24
Q

What are the strengths of this data?

A
  • objective
  • easy to analyse and compare cultures
25
Q

What are the weaknesses of this data?

A

no reasoning why there are cultural differences or similarities between lie telling

26
Q

What are the conclusions?

A
  • moral development is a highly contextualised process by culture and social environment
  • morality modified by age and experience in particular culture
27
Q

Why is this study reliable?

A
  • standardised procedure - 7 point rating scale

Developmental Area (10 decks)

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