Bandura (theory) Flashcards
What is a role model?
someone you look up to / inspires you / someone who you aspire to be like
What are some examples of role models?
- parents
- celebrities
- family
What are features of a role model?
- same age
- same gender
- same family
- sense of authority
- reinforced (rewarded or praised)
What are the two background theories?
- operant conditioning
- social learning theory
What is operant conditioning?
learning though consequences (+ and -) of actions
What are the 4 types of operant conditioning?
1- positive reinforcement
2- positive punishment
3- negative reinforcement
4- negative punishment
What does positive mean in relation to operant conditioning?
adding a stimulus
What does negative mean in relation to operant conditioning?
removing a stimulus
What is reinforcement?
increasing/ maintaining behaviour
What is punishment?
decreasing behaviour
What is positive reinforcement?
adding a pleasant stimulus to increase / maintain behaviour
What is positive punishment?
adding an aversive stimulus to decrease behaviour
What is negative reinforcement?
removing aversive stimulus to increase / maintain behaviour
What is negative punishment?
removing pleasant stimulus to decrease behaviour
What is social learning theory (SLT)?
observing the behaviour of a role model, who is important to them, and imitating their behaviour
What is the SLT chain?
1- observe behaviour
2- imitate behaviour
3- repeat behaviour
4- internalise behaviour
What is vicarious reinforcement?
watching the consequences of someone else’s behaviour and imitating the behaviour to gain the same consequence
What is direct reinforcement?
continuing own behaviours to continue to be praised / rewarded
