Kohlberg (background theory) Flashcards
What is morality?
principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behaviour
What is Freud’s opinion on morality?
- psychoanalytic theory
- superego = conscience and imposes feeling of guilt for immoral thoughts or deeds
- suggests that moral development is suppression of own selfish desires and replaced by social values
What is Skinner’s theory?
- behaviourist
- external forces - reinforcement
- praise for good behaviour
- punish for bad behaviour
What is Piaget’s theory?
- cognitive
- individual construction and interpretation of morality
- social-cognitive
- social-emotional
How many levels are in Kohlberg’s theory?
3
What are the 3 levels of moral development according to Kohlberg?
- pre-conventional
- conventional
- post conventional
How many stages are in Kohlberg’s theory?
6
What are the 6 stages of moral development according to Kohlberg?
- punishment orientation
- naive reward orientation
- good boy/ good girl orientation
- authority orientation
- social construct orientation
- individual principles and conscience orientation
What is the first stage of moral development according to Kohlberg?
right and wrong determined by what is punished
What is the second stage of moral development according to Kohlberg?
right and wring is determined by what is rewarded
What is the third stage of moral development according to Kohlberg?
right and wrong is determined by close others’ approval or dismissal
What is the fourth stage of moral development according Kohlberg?
right and wrong is determined by society’s rules and laws that should be obeyed rigidly
What is the fifth stage of moral development according to Kohlberg?
right and wrong is determined by society’s rules which are viewed as fallible rather than absolute
What is the sixth stage of moral development according to Kohlberg?
right and wrong is determined by abstract ethical principles that emphasise equality and justice
