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MSK: LQ > lecure 5a: anatomy and Biomechanics review of the hip > Flashcards

lecure 5a: anatomy and Biomechanics review of the hip Flashcards

1
Q

what is the rest position of the Hip joint

A

30° flexion, 30° abduction and slight ER

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2
Q

what is the closed packed position for the hip joint

A

full extension , IR and abduction

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3
Q

what is the capsular pattern of the hip joint

A

flexion , abduction , IR (but sometimes IR is limited)

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4
Q

what is the articulation of the hip joint

A

convex head of femur articulates with convace acetabulum

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5
Q

what is larger , the acetabulum or head of the femur? and how does the head of the femur face

A

head of the femur is larger

faves medially , superiorly anf anteriorly

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6
Q

what is the major function of the hip joint

A

transmit forces b/t pelvis and LEs

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7
Q

is the hip joint designed for stability or mobility

A

stability over mobility

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8
Q

what is hip dysplasia

A

under coverage of femoral head by acetabulum

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9
Q

what is an excessive bony development and/or overcoverage of femoral head by acetabulum

A

Femoro-acetabular impingement (FAI

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10
Q

____ ____ is integral to successfully evaluating and treating hip dysfunctions

A

regional interdependence

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11
Q

how does the acetabulum face

A

anteriorly , laterally and inferiorly and is convace

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12
Q

what is the acetabulum covered by and what is it deepen and supported by >?

A

covered by articular cartilage and deepened and supported by labrum

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13
Q

what is filled with a fat pad very important for shock absorption and proprioception

A

acetabular fossa

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14
Q

where is the angle of inclination

A

in frontal plane b/t femorla neck anf shaft

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15
Q

what is the normal angle of inclination for ..

adults
infants
elderly

A
  • Adults: 125-139°
  • Infants: 150°
  • Elderly: 120°
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16
Q

what is the angle of inclination for coxa valga and coxa vara

A

• Coxa Valga >139°
• Coxa Vara <125°

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17
Q

what is the angle that is in horizontal plane b/t axis through femoral neck and axis through condyles

A

angle of torsion (anteversion)

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18
Q

what is the normal range of angle of torsion (anteversion)

adults
infants

A
  • Adults: 10-15º
  • Infants: 30º
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19
Q

what is excessive anteversion and what does it casues and what does it predispose

A

> 15°
casues toe in and IR hip
predispose OA and excessive anterior glide

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20
Q

what is the difference between relative retroversion vs absolute retroversion and what does it cause

A

Relative retroversion <10º vs Absolute retroversion <0º

both causes toe out and ER hip

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21
Q

where in the joint capsule of the hip is it thick and thin

A

thicken anteriorly and superiorly and thin and loose posteriorly and inferiorly

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22
Q

what is the anterior capsule more predisposed to ? what about the posterior capsule?

A

anterior: more presidsposed to shortening and restriction

posterior: more predisposed for dislocation and laxity

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23
Q

what direction is the hip most likely to dislocate

A

posteriorly

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24
Q

what kind of cartilage is the acetabular labrum ? where does it attache to ? what does it increase and what does it disperse

A

fibrocartilage

attaches to acetabular margin
increase congruicey of articulation
disperses the load

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25
Q

what is the only mm that flexes the hip at the edn range of hip flexion

A

iliopsoas

26
Q

what does the iliopsoas have to do w the effects of the spine

A

in upright positon , contraction of iliopsoas increases lumbar lordosis

27
Q

what is the action of the rectus femoris

A

flexes hip and extends knee

28
Q

what way does the RF pull the innominates

A

into anterior tilt

29
Q

what does the TFL mm do

A

flexes, IR and abducts the hip

30
Q

what does the sartorius do

A

flexes , ER and abducts the hip

flexes and IR the knee

31
Q

what does the glute med - posterior fibers do

A

extended , abduct andER the hip

32
Q

what does the glute med - anterior fibers and glute min do

A

flex , abduct and IR of the hip

33
Q

what does the glute max do

A

extend and ER th whip

• Superior fibers ABduct the hip
• Inferior fibers ADDuct the hip

34
Q

where does 80% of the glute max insert into

A

ITB

35
Q

what mm is commonly atrophied in pts with sway back posture , spinal DJD and hip DJD

A

glute max

36
Q

what are considered the intrinsic ERs of the post , hip

A

piriformis
obturator internus and externus
superior and inferior gemelli
quad fem

37
Q

what is a potential site of sciatic entrapment in the hip mm

A

piriformis

38
Q

what is considered the medial hamstrings and what does it do at the hip and knee

A

semimem and semitend

  • Extend and IR the hip
  • Flex and IR the knee
39
Q

what is considered in the lateral hamstrings and what does it do at the knee and hip

A

bicep femoris

extended and ER the hip
flexes and ER the knee

40
Q

what does the pectineus do at the hip

A

ADDucts, IR and flexes the hip

41
Q

what does the gracillis do at the hip and knee

A
  • ADDucts the hip
  • IR and flexes the knee
42
Q

what does the adductor longus/brevis do and which is most commonly strained

A

adduct and flexes the hip

adductor longus is most commonly traingin

43
Q

what does the adductor magnus do

A
  • ADDucts the hip
  • Anterior fibers flex the hip
  • Posterior fibers extend the hip
44
Q

what is the largest and most constant bursae around the hip and cushions tendon from anterior structures on the hip capsule

A

iliopsoas bursa

45
Q

what bursa is located between ischium and glute max

A

ischiogluteal bursa

46
Q

what is the superior board , medial border , lateral border and the floor or the femoral triangle

A

• Superior border: inguinal ligament
• Medial border: adductor longus
• Lateral border: sartorius
• Floor: portions of iliopsoas on the
lateral side and pectineus on the
medial side

47
Q

Several neurovascular structures pass
through the femoral triangle

A

femoral vein , artery and nerve

48
Q

what is the hip joint primarily innervated by

A

L3

49
Q

nerves of mm that cross the hip joint also supply what

A

the joint capsule and the joint

50
Q

internal iliac a becomes the ____ artery as it passes underneath the ___ ligament

A

femoral
inguinal

51
Q

what artery supplies the anterior portion of the femoral neck and anterior portion of the hip joint capsule ?

A

laterla femoral circumflex a

52
Q

what artery supplies the posterior portion of the hip joint capsule and the synovium

A

medial femoral circumflex a

53
Q

most of the femoral head , comprising its upper 1/2 or upper 2/3 , is supplied by ___ artery and a terminal branch for the medial femoral circumflex a

A

obturator

54
Q

supply to the femoral head from the ___ ___ artery is extremely variable

A

ligamentum teres

55
Q

what is the hip AROM of flexion and extesnion int he sagittal plane

A

flexion: 110-120
extension : 10-15

56
Q

what is the hip AROM for hip abduction and adduction in the frontal plane

A

abduction: 30-50
adduction: 25-30

57
Q

what is the hip AROM for IR and ER in the horizontal plane

A

IR: 30-40°
ER: 4-60°

58
Q

what are the arthrokinematics of flexion and extension of the hip (NWB)

A

flexion: spine and posterior glide
extesnion: spin and anterior glide

59
Q

what are the arthrokinematics of abduction and adduction of the hip (NWB)

A

abduction: interior/medial glide
adduction: superior/lateral glide

60
Q

what are the arthrokinematics of IR and ER of the hip (NWB)

A

IR: posteriorl glide
ER: anterior glide

MSK: LQ (22 decks)

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