Lectures 31 - Male Reproductive System

Question 1

What organs make up the male genitalia, external and internal? (5)

Answer 1

External
- Penis
- Scrotum
Internal
- Testes
- Genital system ducts
- Accessory sex glands

Question 2

What is the function of the scrotum

Answer 2

Temperature regulation

Question 3

What are the two muscles in the scrotum and their functions?

Answer 3

• Cremaster muscles
  
  • Elevates scrotum
• Dartos muscle
  
  • Forms wrinkles

Question 4

What are the two layers that cover the testes?

Answer 4

• Tunica Vaginalis
  
  • Parietal
  • Visceral
• Tunica albuginea (innermost)
  
  • Form dense capsule

Question 5

What three kind of specialized cells are found in the testes?

Answer 5

• Spermatogenic cells
• Sertoli (nurse) cells
• Leydig cells

☆ - spermatogenic and Sertoli cells line the seminiferous tubules

Question 6

What are the functions of Sertoli cells? (3)

Answer 6

• Nourish spermatocytes, spermatids, and sperm
• Release sperm into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules
• Produce fluid that facilitates sperm transport

Question 7

Where are Leydig cells found and what is their function?

Answer 7

• Found in spaced between adjacent seminiferous tubules
• Endocrine function

Question 8

Explain the stages of sperm production

Answer 8

Germinal Cell (diploid)
↓ - mitosis
Primary Spermatocyte (diploid)
↓ - meiosis I
Secondary Spermatocyte (haploid)
↓ - meiosis II
Spermatids (haploid)
↓
Spermatozoa

Question 9

Explain the 3 segments of a sperm cell

Answer 9

• Head
  
  • Acrosome - contains enzymes to
    penetrate egg
  • Contains nucleus
• Midpiece
  
  • Contain mitochondria
• Tail (flagellum)

Question 10

Explain the pathway of sperm in the testis (5)

Answer 10

• Seminiferous tubules
• Straight tubules
• Rete testis
• Efferent ductules
• Epididymis

Question 11

What kind of epithelium makes up the epididymis?

Answer 11

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 12

Function of the seminal vesicles?

Answer 12

• Produces alkaline fluid to help protect against the acidity of urethra and vaginal canal
• Secreted into the ejaculatory duct
• 60%-70% of semen

Question 13

Function of prostate gland?

Answer 13

• Produces and secretes fluid that nourishes sperm
• 25% of the volume of semen

Question 14

Function of the bulbourethral glands?

Answer 14

• Secrete alkaline fluid that neutralizes male and female genital tracts

Question 15

What are the two kinds of erectile tissue that make up the penis, which one houses the urethra and which one is paired?

Answer 15

Crus (corpus cavernosa)
- Paired
- Dorsal side
Bulb (corpus spongiosum)
- Unpaired
- Houses the urethra