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MED217 > Lecture2: Bacterial Structure, Classification and Growth > Flashcards

Lecture2: Bacterial Structure, Classification and Growth Flashcards

1
Q

What are Gram Negative bacteria stained in?

A

Red

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2
Q

What are gram positive bacteria stained in?

A

Violet

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3
Q

What are spherical/oval bacteria called and arranged in?

A

Cocci, chained

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4
Q

What are Rods called and shaped like?

A

Bacilli, shaped or straight

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5
Q

What are small bacilli called?

A

Coccobacilli

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6
Q

A rigid call wall surrounds all bacteria except those lacking a wall to begin with such as?

A

Mycoplasmas

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7
Q

What is responsible for the shape of the cell?

A

Cell wall

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8
Q

Both gram positive and negative bacteria share?

A

cell membrane

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9
Q

Name differences between gram positive and negative?

A

Positive lacks an outermembrane and a periplasmic space

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10
Q

In which bacteria is the Peptidoglycan layer thicker?

A

Gram positive bacteria

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11
Q

What are both sugar chains that make up the peptidoglycan layer?

A

NAG and NAM

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12
Q

What is the only thing that degrades peptidoglycan?

A

Lysozymes

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13
Q

Treatment of a gram positive cell with what, destroys peptidoglycan?

A

Penicillin

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14
Q

What does Penicillin destroy peptidoglycan?

A

It prevents the formation of the peptide cross links between both NAG and NAM

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15
Q

Which 2 options does Teichoic acid consist of?

A

Glycerol phosphate or Ribotol phosphate

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16
Q

What is the anchor, that connects the membrane to the cell wall?

A

Lipoteichoic acid

17
Q

What is the Major Antigen of gram-positive bacteria

A

Lipoteichoic acid

18
Q

What is the only thing bacterial membranes lack?

A

Sterols.

19
Q

What contains the entire electron transport system?

A

Cell membrane

20
Q

Enumerate membrane functions

A

Cell division, site of DNA synthesis, chemotaxis

21
Q

What are capsules made of?

A

Hydrophilic gel

22
Q

When a capsule is amorphous, what is it called?

A

The Slime Layer

23
Q

What are most capsules?

A

Polysaccharides

24
Q

What are Capsule’s major functions?

A

Protection from the immune system

25
Q

What are Common Pili?

A

Adhesins

26
Q

What are Sex Pili?

A

Involved in exchange of genetic information

27
Q

What is the organelle of movement?

A

Flagella

28
Q

What does the Plasmid usually contain?

A

The smaller, circular, double stranded DNA

MED217 (16 decks)

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