Lecture2: Bacterial Structure, Classification and Growth Flashcards
What are Gram Negative bacteria stained in?
Red
What are gram positive bacteria stained in?
Violet
What are spherical/oval bacteria called and arranged in?
Cocci, chained
What are Rods called and shaped like?
Bacilli, shaped or straight
What are small bacilli called?
Coccobacilli
A rigid call wall surrounds all bacteria except those lacking a wall to begin with such as?
Mycoplasmas
What is responsible for the shape of the cell?
Cell wall
Both gram positive and negative bacteria share?
cell membrane
Name differences between gram positive and negative?
Positive lacks an outermembrane and a periplasmic space
In which bacteria is the Peptidoglycan layer thicker?
Gram positive bacteria
What are both sugar chains that make up the peptidoglycan layer?
NAG and NAM
What is the only thing that degrades peptidoglycan?
Lysozymes
Treatment of a gram positive cell with what, destroys peptidoglycan?
Penicillin
What does Penicillin destroy peptidoglycan?
It prevents the formation of the peptide cross links between both NAG and NAM
Which 2 options does Teichoic acid consist of?
Glycerol phosphate or Ribotol phosphate
What is the anchor, that connects the membrane to the cell wall?
Lipoteichoic acid
What is the Major Antigen of gram-positive bacteria
Lipoteichoic acid
What is the only thing bacterial membranes lack?
Sterols.
What contains the entire electron transport system?
Cell membrane
Enumerate membrane functions
Cell division, site of DNA synthesis, chemotaxis
What are capsules made of?
Hydrophilic gel
When a capsule is amorphous, what is it called?
The Slime Layer
What are most capsules?
Polysaccharides
What are Capsule’s major functions?
Protection from the immune system
