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Anatomy & Physiology > Lecture Test 2 (Ch.4) > Flashcards

Lecture Test 2 (Ch.4) Flashcards

1
Q

Tissue

A

A collection of similar cells that have a specific function. There are 4 types of tissue.

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2
Q

Epithelial Tissue

A

Covers exposed surfaces, lines passageways, provide sensation and forms glands.

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3
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Fills spaces, supports other tissue, transports material and stores energy.

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4
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

Specialized for movement.

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5
Q

Neural Tissue

A

Carries electrical signals throughout the body.

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6
Q

Epithelea

A

The layers of cells that cover (houses) all surfaces of the body (internal and external).

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7
Q

Glands

A

Formed from epithelial that secretes or excretes fluids.

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8
Q

Apical Surface of Epitheleal

A

Outer or exposed surface.

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9
Q

Basal

A

Deeper surface attached to connective tissue.

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10
Q

Avascular

A

No independent blood supply.

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11
Q

Keratin

A

Adds strength and water resistance to epithelea.

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12
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelea

A

Absorption and diffusion

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13
Q

Mesothelium

A

Lines body cavities

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14
Q

Endothelium

A

Lines heart and blood vessels

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15
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelea

A

Protects against trauma (skin, mouth, anus)

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16
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelea

A

Secretion and absorption (glands, ducts)

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17
Q

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelea

A

Sweat ducts and mammary ducts

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18
Q

Transitional Epithelium

A

Ability to stretch and retain shape (bladder)

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19
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium

A

Absorption and secretion (stomach)

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20
Q

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

A

Cilia movement (nasal cavity, bronchi)

21
Q

Stratified Columnar Epitheleum

A

Protection (pharynx, epiglottis, anus)

22
Q

Endocrine Gland

A

No ducts. Release hormones into insterstitial fluid.

23
Q

Exocrine Gland

A

With ducts. Produce secretions onto epithelial surfaces.

24
Q

Extracellular Connective Tissue (The Matrix)

A

Lots of extracellular material with few cells.

25
Q

Connective Tissue Proper

A

Loose and dense connective tissue that connects and protects.

26
Q

Fluid Connective Tissue

A

Responsible for transport as in blood and lymphatic fluids.

27
Q

Supporting Connective Tissue

A

Provides structural strength (cartilage and bone)

28
Q

Loose Connective Tissue

A

Adipose (fatty) tissue

29
Q

Dense Connective Tissue

A

Tendons. Highly composed of collagen.

30
Q

Fibroblasts

A

Most abundant cell type found in all connective tissue proper. Secretes proteins and cellular cement (hyaluronan)

31
Q

Fibrocytes

A

Second most abundant found in all connective tissue proper. Maintains the fibers of connective tissue proper.

32
Q

Adipocytes

A

Fat cells

33
Q

Mesenchymal Cells

A

Responds to injury or infection.

34
Q

Macrophages

A

Eats pathogens and damaged cells.

35
Q

Mast Cells

A

Stimulates inflammation after injury or infection.

36
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Immune cells in lymphatic system.

37
Q

Microphages

A

Phagocytic blood cells that respond to signals from macrophages and mast cells.

38
Q

Melanocytes

A

Produces melanin (skin pigment)

39
Q

Collagen Fibers

A

Long straight, strong and flexible fibers that resist force in one direction. (tendons and ligaments)

40
Q

Reticula Fibers

A

Network of interwoven fibers that are strong and flexible. They resist force in many directions. (sheaths around organs)

41
Q

Elastic Fibers

A

Contains elastin and can maintain shape after being stretched. (ligaments of vertebrae)

42
Q

Mucous Membrane

A

Lines passageways that have esternal connections (urinary, respiratory, digestive, reproductive) and must be moist to reduce friction and for absorption/excretion. Lamina propria is areolar tissue.

43
Q

Serous Membrane

A

Lines cavities not exposed to outside. Thin and strong. Parietal portions cover the cavity and visceral portions cover the organs.

44
Q

Name the 3 types of Serous Membranes.

A

Pleura - pleural cavity and lungs
Peritoneum - peritoneal cavity and abdominal organs
Pericardium - pericardial cavity and heart

45
Q

Cutaneous Membrane

A

The skin

46
Q

Synovial Membrane

A

Produces synovial fluid. Lines articulating joints and protects the end of bones.

47
Q

Fascia

A

Deep below the subcutaneous level

48
Q

Deep Fascia

A

Dense connective tissue (ligaments, tendons)

49
Q

Subserous Fascia

A

Below the serous membrane

Anatomy & Physiology (10 decks)

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