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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 5 - Integumentary System > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two parts that make up the integument?

A 
Cutaneous membrane (skin)
Accessory Structures
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2
Q

What are the two components of the cutaneous membrane?

A

Outer epidermis and inner dermis.

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3
Q

What are accessory structures?

A

They originate in the dermis and extends through the epidermis to the skin surface. (hair, nails, exocrine glands)

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4
Q

Hypodermis

A

Loose connective tissue below the dermis.

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5
Q

What are the functions of the skin?

A

Protection and housing of underlying tissues and organs
Excretion through glands
Maintain body temp
Produces melanin and keratin
Synthesis of vitamin D
Storage of lipids
Houses sensory receptors for touch, pressure, pain and temperature.

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6
Q

The epidermis is avascular, meaning?

A

That it does not have blood vessels so it receives nutrients and oxygen from the dermis.

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7
Q

What is the most abundant of cells in the epidermis?

A

Keratinoctyes

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8
Q

What type of skin covers most of the body?

A

Thin skin.

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9
Q

How many layers of keratinocytes does thin skin have?

A

4 layers

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10
Q

Where do we find thick skin?

A

On our palms and the soles of our feet.

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11
Q

How many layers of keratinocytes does thick skin have?

A

5 layers

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12
Q

What are the 5 layers of thick skin?

A 
Basale
Spinosum
Granulosum
Lucidum
Corneum
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13
Q

Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)

A

Loose connective tissue below the dermis.

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14
Q

What are the 5 layers of thick skin?

A 
Come Let's Get Sun Burned
Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Spinosum
Basale
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15
Q

What are the specialized cells of the basale layer?

A

Merkel Cells

Melanocytes

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16
Q

What is the function of Merkel cells?

A

It is involved with the sensation of touch.

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17
Q

What is the function of melanocytes?

A

Produces Melanin that contributes to skin pigment along with Carotene and hemoglobin.

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18
Q

What specialized cell is in the spinosum layer?

A

Langerhans which are for immune response against pathogens

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19
Q

What is the cementing layer of the skin?

A

Granulosum

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20
Q

What is the layer found only in thick skin?

A

Lucidum

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21
Q

What is the exposed surface of the skin?

A

Corneum which has 15 to 30 layers of keratinized cells.

22
Q

What is the life expectancy of keratin?

A

2 weeks

23
Q

Where is the dermis located?

A

Between the epidermis and subcutaneous layer

24
Q

Name the two components of the dermis.

A

Papillary layer - loose connective (fatty)

Reticular layer - dense connective (collagen fibers)

25
Q

What is the function of the papillary layer of the dermis?

A

Primary blood supply.

26
Q

Which layer of the dermis will you find sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair follicles?

A

In the reticular layer.

27
Q

What is Dermatitis?

A

Inflammation of the skin in the papillary layer

28
Q

What is Alopecia?

A

Hair loss

29
Q

What is acne?

A

inflammation of the sebaceous gland

30
Q

What is a boil?

A

A localized bacterial infection found in the hair follicle.

31
Q

Callous

A

An overproduction of keratin

32
Q

Dandruff

A

Continuous shedding of epidermal cells

33
Q

Decubutis

A

Bed sores

34
Q

Gangrene

A

Necrosis of tissue

35
Q

Wart (Verruca)

A

Viral infection that forms a blister, typically on hands and feet.

36
Q

Hives (Urticaria)

A

A skin rash

37
Q

Melanoma

A

Cancerous growth of melanocytes.

38
Q

What are the hallmarks of a melanoma?

A

A lesion greater than 6mm
A lesion that is asymmetrical
It has irregular borders and multiple colors

39
Q

Meissner Corpuscle

A

Detects light motion against skin

40
Q

Ruffini Corpuscle

A

Detects deep pressure and stretching

41
Q

Bulbs of Krause

A

Detects light pressure and low frequency vibrations

42
Q

Pacinian Corpuscle

A

Detects deep pressure and high frequency vibrations

43
Q

Where would you find Lanugo hair?

A

Fetal hair

44
Q

What is Angora hair?

A

Hair that continually grows (head)

45
Q

What is Definitive hair?

A

Hair that grows to a certain length

46
Q

What type of sweat glands are found in the armpits and groin area?

A

Apocrine sweat glands

47
Q

What type of sweat gland is found on most of the body?

A

Merocrine sweat glands

48
Q

What gland is associated with hair follicles?

A

Sebaceous glands

49
Q

Where does nail production occur?

A

At the nail root

50
Q

What is the visible portion of the nail?

A

The nail body

51
Q

What is the pale crescent at the base of the nail?

A

The Lunula

52
Q

Albino

A

Tyrecene insufficiency

Anatomy & Physiology (10 decks)

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